Eau Heritage Journal Social Science and Humanities (Online)

Development of a Model for Preventing New Users of Electronic Cigarettes Among Students: A Case Study of Upper Secondary School Students in Thanyaburi District, Pathum Thani Province

Uthaiwan Pongboriboon — 2025-10-29

The research titled “Development of a model for preventing new users of electronic cigarettes among students: A case study of upper secondary school students in Thanyaburi district, Pathum Thani province” aimed to examine the situation and contributing factors related to e-cigarette use among upper secondary school students in Thanyaburi District, Pathum Thani Province, and to develop an effective prevention model. This quasi-experimental study employed a mixed-methods approach, involving 250 student participants. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Findings revealed that most students had prior experience with e-cigarette use, typically consuming more than 5 times per day with nicotine concentrations of 4 milligrams. The developed preventive model included activities that promoted self-management of health behaviors across four dimensions: risk behavior, psychological factors, social and environmental influences, and accessibility. After participating in the intervention, students demonstrated significantly improved self-management behaviors, with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Based on these results, it is recommended that schools adopt this model as part of a supplementary curriculum to continuously prevent e-cigarette use among students. Furthermore, the model can be expanded and integrated into national policy under the Ministry of Education’s framework for preventing and addressing e-cigarette issues in educational institutions in a systematic and sustainable manner.

Enhancing 21st Century Entrepreneurial Skills in Grade 6 Students Through the Outdoor Stem-Based Extracurricular Activity Package

Watcharaporn Rungjiratananon — 2025-10-29

This study aimed to enhance 21^st-century entrepreneurial skills among grade 6 students through an outdoor STEM-based extracurricular activity package that emphasized developing three core entrepreneurial skills: problem-solving, creative thinking, and collaboration. The participants were 33 grade 6 students. The research tools included an entrepreneurial skill evaluation form, learning journals, and satisfaction surveys. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean (M) and Standard Deviation (SD), and a dependent t-test was applied to compare pre- and post-activity learning outcomes. Student satisfaction was analyzed through frequency distribution and percentage. The results revealed statistically significant improvement (p < .05) in all three entrepreneurial skills after participating in the activities. Each skill showed an apparent increase in mean scores, indicating that hands-on learning experiences embedded in real-life contexts effectively fostered entrepreneurial competencies. In addition, students reported the highest level of satisfaction with the activity set (M=4.94, SD=0.24), reflecting enjoyment, engagement, and perceived value. The findings suggest that a well-designed outdoor STEM activity package can develop 21st-century entrepreneurial skills effectively.

Discipline of Finance and Budget with the Attitude of People Outside the City Area Khon Kaen Province to the State's Digital Money Distribution Policy.

Piyakiat Sawigun — 2025-10-29

The purpose of this research is to (1) study the background and principles of the Digital Wallet Policy, (2) analyze the attitudes of the population outside the urban area of Khon Kaen Province towards the government's digital cash distribution policy, and (3) examine and analyze the enforcement strategies of financial discipline and budget laws related to the Digital Wallet Policy to enhance efficiency. The target population consists of 1,784,641 residents outside Khon Kaen City, with a sample size of 400 determined using Krejcie and Morgan's table. Data collection occurred from October 2024 to February 2025, with analysis conducted through descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as content analysis. The results indicate an overall average () = 3.48 and a standard deviation (SD) = 0.49, reflecting a moderate level. The areas of populism and effective public debt management showed moderate levels, while the principles of maintaining economic stability and sustainable development achieved a higher rating. Key legal enforcement recommendations include amending Section 4 to introduce definitions and a new Section 6 for penalties before transitional provisions, and the amendment of Section 81 to impose prison sentences between 3 to 15 years, and fines ranging from 300,000 to 1.5 million Baht, along with a 10-year ban on eligibility for political office.

Development of Training Course in Creative Choi Song, Angthong Province: From Local Wisdom to the Art of Living for Soft Skills in 21st Century

Ruamsak Jiemsak — 2025-10-29

This study was mixed-method research. The objectives were (1) to study the problems and needs of a training course for creative Choi songs in ang Thong, (2) to develop a training course for creative Choi songs through the concept of soft skills in the 21^stcentury, and (3) to evaluate the results of using the training course for creative Choi songs. The population consisted of 120 secondary school students for grades 1-6 at Yothinburana Ang Thong School (Champa Lor Pittayakhom). The sample was 30 secondary school students in grades 1-3 in the academic year 2/2024 by simple random sampling using a random number table. The research instruments were 1) a semi-structured interview on problems and needs of a training course for creative Choi songs in Ang Thong, 2) a group discussion form, 3) a pretest and posttest, and 4) an evaluation form for the training course. The statistics were mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The content analysis was conducted. The results found that (1) the problems of the training course for creative Choi songs were at a high level (Mean=4.42, SD=0.27).
The need for the training course was at the highest level (Mean=4.59, SD=0.16). (2) The training course for creative Choi songs in Ang Thong through the concept of soft skills consisted of 4 learning units: 1) our locality, 2) getting to know Choi songs, 3) vital soft skills in the 21^st century, and 4) creative Choi songs, and (3) Regarding the evaluation, the application of the creative Choi song for educational institutions in Ang Thong was at the highest level (Mean=4.54, SD=0.15). The results reflected that the training course could effectively enhance learners' soft skills.

The Competency Development Guidelines of Ground Staff, Nok Air in Next Normal Era

khemmanat Aumnuaiworachai — 2025-10-29

The objectives of this research aimed to (1) study of the current and desired state of ground staff competence in Nok Air airline, (2) prioritize the necessary development needs of ground staff competence in Nok Air airline, and (3) study the guidelines for the development of ground staff competence in Nok Air airline in the era of the Next Normal. The sample group consists of 5 supervisors from the ground services and training departments, 45 ground staff employees, and 400 passengers. The research employed questionnaires and focus group discussions as data collection tools. The statistical methods used for data analysis included frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Priority Needs Index Modified (PNI_Modified), and content analysis. The research findings revealed that (1) the analysis of the current and desired states of ground staff competence development in Nok Air airline indicates a high to very high level. (2) The analysis of prioritized development needs for enhancing the competence of ground staff in Nok Air airline consists of the competencies that should be developed, including core competencies and job-specific competencies. The PNI_Modified scores range from 0.058 to 0.139. Finally, (3) the development guidelines for the competence of Nok Air airline's ground staff should align with the company's vision and mission. This includes organizing training activities, supporting lifelong learning, fostering a learning culture, and establishing clear and transparent monitoring and evaluation systems.

Factors Affecting Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Pregnant Women in Pathumthani

Sununta Youngwanichsetha — 2025-10-29

This descriptive analytic research aimed to examine factors affecting the development of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women in Pathumthani that included (1)fructose consumption, (2) high fat diet consumption (3), overweight or obesity, (4) excessive gestational weight gain and (5) total GDM risk scores. Studied sample was pregnant women attended antenatal care services in Pathumthani hospital, Thanyaburi hospital, and Khlongluang hospital. One hundred and forty subjects were recruited using quota sampling and systematic random sampling. Data were collected using GDM risk factors questionnaire and blood glucose records. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results revealed that two factors including excessive gestational weight gain (OR=1.307, 95% CI 1.193-1.431, p=.000) and total risk scores OR=1.614, 95% CI 1.284-2.028, p=.000) could predict the development of gestational diabetes among pregnant women in Pathumthani. Fructose, high fat diet consumption, overweight and obesity could not use to predict the development of gestational diabetes. These findings should be used to design effective intervention promoting modification of health behavior to control excessive gestational weight gain in order to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus among overweight and obese pregnant women.

Factors Affecting the Success of Work Performance of Accountants in the 4th Army Area (41st-46th Military Districts)

jirapat promsin — 2025-10-29

This research aimed to (1) study the professional accounting competencies of accountants in the 4^th Army Area (41^st–46^th Military District), (2) examine the success of their work performance, and (3) investigate factors that affecting success of their work performance. Data were collected by using a multiple-choice questionnaire from sample group consisted of 90 personnel who working in finance and accounting within the 4^th Army Area (41^st–46^th Military District) and analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. The research results revealed that: (1) the overall professional accounting competency of accountants was at the highest level. Ranked from highest to lowest, professional ethics, professional knowledge and abilities, and professional skills. (2) Work performance success of the accountants was at a high level. Ranked from highest to lowest, goals achievement, standards and credibility, work processes accomplishment, and satisfaction of the finance and accounting division. (3) The professional accounting knowledge and abilities factor had influence on work performance success at 0.05 a statistically significant level. These factors could predict 74.20% of the variance in work performance success.

Exploring the Competencies Requirements from Bachelor of Nursing Science, Based on the Needs of Health Care Organization

Uthaiwan Pongboriboon — 2025-10-29

This study aimed to explore the competency requirements for nursing graduates from the bachelor of nursing science program, School of Nursing, as perceived by professionals in healthcare institutions. The research focused on four core competency domains: knowledge, skills, ethics, and personal characteristics. A mixed-methods approach was employed. The sample consisted of 200 healthcare professionals from public and private sectors, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection instruments included a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and a structured interview. The instruments were validated by three experts, with an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. Reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.92. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation—as well as content analysis. The results indicated that the highest priority was placed on ethical competencies, followed by personal characteristics, skills, and knowledge. These findings highlight the critical importance of ethical conduct and intrinsic personal qualities such as honesty, responsibility, punctuality, and perseverance in the nursing profession. The insights gained from this study can serve as a foundation for enhancing the Bachelor of Nursing Science curriculum to ensure alignment with current healthcare demands and professional expectations.

Tourism Motivations and Experiences of Visitors to Saint Martin’s Island Marine Protected Area in Bangladesh

Sazu Sardar — 2025-10-29

This study aimed to analyze the tourism motivations of visitors to Saint Martin’s Island Marine Protected Area in Bangladesh and to compare the motivations with the actual experiences visitors gained from visiting the park. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 420 park visitors, both domestic and international visitors. The survey data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, paired t-test, and correlation analysis. Factor analysis revealed four distinct push motivational factors: Embracing the Wilderness, Personal Enrichment, Tranquility & Escape, and Socializing (KMO=0.814; Total Variance Extracted=58.59%). Similarly, four pull motivational factors emerged: Destination Appeal, Destination Accessibility, Destination Attributes, and Destination Amenities (KMO=0.908; Total Variance Extracted=56.70). The pair of t-tests found significant differences between visitors’ desired experiences and actual experiences for all factors. The study also found a moderate positive correlation between visitor experiences and satisfaction (r=0.335; P<0.05) and a weak correlation between revisit intentions and experiences (r=0.104; P<0.05). The research posits that destination administrators should concentrate on three primary areas: environmental conservation, visitor experience enhancement, and practical accessibility improvements with the necessity of balanced approaches that preserve environmental integrity while improving visitor experiences from a management perspective.

The Relationship Model among Digital Leadership Work Engagement and Teacher Performance Effectiveness under The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Pathum Thani

Ruja Rodkhem — 2025-10-29

The objectives of this research were to (1) study the level of digital leadership work engagement and teacher performance effectiveness (2) study the direct and indirect effect of digital leadership work engagement on teacher performance effectiveness (3) examine the consistency of the relationship model among digital leadership work engagement and teacher performance effectiveness with empirical data. The sample consisted of 265 teachers. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM).

The research results found that 1) The overall average level of digital leadership work engagement and teacher performance effectiveness were at a high level ( = 4.33 SD = 0.54, = 4.46 SD = 0.48, = 4.45 SD = 0.44) respectively. 2) Digital leadership and work engagement had a positive direct effect on teacher performance effectiveness (b = 0.38 p<0.01, b = 0.54 p<0.01). Digital leadership had a positive direct effect on work engagement (b = 0.78, p < 0.01) and had an indirect effect on teacher performance effectiveness through

work engagement (b = 0.42, p<0.01). The total effect value was 0.80, explaining the variation of teacher performance effectiveness at 76 %. 3) The relationship model among digital leadership work engagement and teacher performance effectiveness was consistent with the empirical data (c² /df = 1.30 p-value = 0.06 RMR = 0.0076 RMSEA = 0.034 GFI = 0.96 AGFI = 0.93 NFI = 0.99 and CFI = 1.00). Based on the findings, administrators should develop and apply digital leadership to enhance teachers' work engagement to work effectively and achieve school’s goals.

The Relationship Between Domestic Debt, Household Consumption and COVID-19 Impact: The Case of Thailand

Adriano Prates do Amaral — 2025-10-29

This study explores the relationship between public debt and household consumption in Thailand during the period between 2005 and 2024, with an added focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relevant factors. The research employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Segmented Regression. The study demonstrates that public debt positively and significantly affects household spending, with the impact taking place within two to four quarters after policy implementation. The segmented regression analysis shows that the relationship between public spending and individual consumption weakened in the period post-COVID, revealing that the effectiveness of public debt as a stimulus to consumption was reduced after the event, implying that debt may be approaching critical levels that could affect economic stability. These findings emphasize the need for appropriate fiscal policy to balance short-term economic stimulus and long-term fiscal stability.

อาชญาวิทยาและทัณฑวิทยา

Sukit U-naidhamma — 2025-10-29

ตำราอาชญาวิทยาและทัณฑวิทยาเล่มนี้เป็นหนังสือที่มีคุณค่ายิ่ง เหมาะสำหรับเสริมสร้างความรู้ความเข้าใจให้แก่ผู้ศึกษาหรือผู้สนใจ อาจารย์ นักวิจัย ตลอดจนนิสิต นักศึกษา และบุคลากรในหน่วยงานภาครัฐด้านกระบวนการยุติธรรม เพื่อใช้ในการเรียนการสอน การทำวิจัย รวมทั้งเป็นแนวทางในการนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ในการทำงาน และการกำหนดนโยบายของทางภาครัฐในด้านการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรม และกระบวนการยุติธรรมทางอาญาในระดับประเทศ สำหรับเนื้อหาของตำราอาชญาวิทยาเล่มนี้ประกอบด้วยบทต่างๆ จำนวน 15 บทโดยแบ่งการศึกษาออกเป็น 2 ส่วนได้แก่ ส่วนที่ 1 อาชญาวิทยา ซึ่งผู้เขียนมุ่งหมายที่จะอธิบายเนื้อหาทางด้านอาชญาวิทยา แนวคิดของสำนักอาชญาวิทยา และการดำเนินกระบวนการยุติธรรมทางอาญากับผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลย โดยมีเนื้อหาส่วนใหญ่เป็นการศึกษาเกี่ยวกับสาเหตุของการกระทำความผิดเพื่อใช้ในการควบคุมและป้องกันการเกิดอาชญากรรมในสังคม และส่วนที่ 2 ทัณฑวิทยา ซึ่งผู้เขียนได้อธิบายเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับทัณฑวิทยา การลงโทษและการปฏิบัติต่อผู้กระทำความผิด การติดตามดูและการสงเคราะห์ผู้ต้องขังหลังปล่อยออกจากเรือนจำหรือทัณฑสถาน รวมทั้งกระบวนการยุติธรรมเชิงสมานฉันท์ โดยเป็นเนื้อหาที่เน้นในด้านการปฏิบัติและการแก้ไขฟื้นฟูผู้กระทำความผิดให้กลับตัวเป็นคนดีของสังคมและไม่กลับไปกระทำความผิดซ้ำอีก

นอกจากนี้แล้วตำราฉบับนี้ยังมีความโดดเด่นในด้านการนำมาประยุกต์ใช้ในการทำงานอีกด้วย กล่าวคือผู้เขียนได้มีการสอดแทรกเนื้อหาของงานวิจัยบางส่วนที่ผู้เขียนได้จัดทำขึ้นก่อนหน้านี้ โดยได้มีการนำตัวอย่างของแนวคิดทฤษฎีทางด้านอาชญาวิทยาและทัณฑวิทยาไปปรับใช้ในการทำวิจัย ซึ่งแสดงให้เห็นถึงความก้าวหน้าของวิชาการที่ได้มีการนำเอาแนวคิดทฤษฎีทางด้านอาชญาวิทยาและทัณฑวิทยามาประยุกต์ใช้ในการทำงานได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพจนเกิดผลสำเร็จ และเป็นประโยชน์ต่อสังคมและชุมชนได้จริง ด้วยเหตุนี้จึงทำให้ตำราอาชญาวิทยาและทัณฑวิทยาเล่มนี้มีองค์ความรู้ครบถ้วนทั้งทางด้านทฤษฎีและการนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ทางด้านปฏิบัติ ซึ่งสามารถนำมาใช้ในการศึกษา การทำวิจัย และการทำงานเพื่อประโยชน์ต่อประเทศชาติได้ต่อไป โดยมีรายละเอียดดังนี้

Enhancing Supply Chain Resilience Through Artificial Intelligence Technologies

Vida Sattayarom — 2025-10-29

This academic article focuses on studying the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supply chain management as a transformative strategy to enhance resilience. The research method involves the literature review, including academic textbooks, research papers, theories, and models, followed by analysis, synthesis, compilation, and summarization of the results. The study finds that enhancing supply chain resilience includes improving supply chain efficiency and risk management including supplier relationship management, scenario planning & simulation and customer service enhancement among others. The study suggests that organizations can better predict, respond to, and recover from disruptions by leveraging advanced AI technologies such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and real-time data processing. AI helps mitigate risks associated with out-of-stock and overstocking by improving demand forecasting accuracy, optimizing inventory management, and providing real-time supply chain insights. Furthermore, AI-powered automation and robotics can enhance operational efficiency by reducing human errors and streamlining processes. The framework presented in this study integrates AI to improve supply chain resilience through technologies that enable real-time visibility, operational efficiency, and risk management. Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of collaborative relationships with supply chain partners, supported by AI-driven communication and data exchange platforms. The strategic approach to integrating AI into supply chain management highlights its potential to boost resilience, operational performance, and sustainability. This approach enables organizations to adopt modern supply chain practices, fostering internal trust and internal coordination while offering an effective guideline for modern supply chain management.