Sueksitalai Journal

BUDDHIST INFLUENCES APPEARING IN PRASAT TA MUEN THOM

Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aims to examine: 1) the architectural forms, meanings, development, and religious concepts underlying the construction of Prasat Ta Muean Thom; 2) the manifestations of Buddhist beliefs found within the site; and 3) the influence of Buddhism as reflected in the architecture and inscriptions of Prasat Ta Muean Thom. This qualitative research collected data through documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with key informants. The data were analyzed using descriptive methods.

The findings reveal that: 1) Prasat Ta Muean Thom was originally a Hindu sanctuary affiliated with Shaivism, constructed during the 15th–17th Buddhist centuries. The temple complex comprises a main sanctuary, auxiliary structures, a library, and a surrounding gallery. A distinctive feature is its south-facing orientation, which contrasts with the typical east-facing Khmer temples. Its architectural development indicates repeated reconstruction on the original site or the reassembly of ancient elements in accordance with ritualistic beliefs and religious practices. 2) Buddhist beliefs at the site are evidenced by inscriptions containing the words “virtue” (khunatham) and “hell” (narok). Although rooted in Hinduism, these terms reflect the influence of Buddhist doctrines, particularly the concepts of karma, its consequences, and the afterlife. 3) The Buddhist influence can be interpreted through the concept of khunatham as aligned with the Noble Eightfold Path—central to Buddhist practice—while narok corresponds to beliefs in realms of suffering found in both Buddhist and Hindu cosmologies. This demonstrates a syncretic integration of the two belief systems in this frontier zone of civilization.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LEARNING MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR THE HISTORY SUBJECT BASED ON THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM APPROACH USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) MEDIA TO ENHANCE BASIC THINKING SKILLS OF GRADE 6 STUDENTS AT BAN NA-O COMMUNITY SCHOOL

Amornrat Phondee — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This study aims to 1) examine the basic information for developing a learning management model for the History subject based on the flipped classroom approach using Artificial Intelligence (AI) media, 2) develop the learning management model for the History subject, 3) test the model, and 4) evaluate the effectiveness of the model. The research follows a research and development (R&D) process, consisting of four stages: Stage 1: Study the needs for the model development, Stage 2: Develop the learning management model, Stage 3: Test the model with a sample group of 30 Grade 6 students, and Stage 4: Evaluate the effectiveness of the model. The research instruments include a questionnaire, interviews, a basic thinking skills test, and a satisfaction survey. Statistical analyses include percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test (dependent samples).

The findings reveal that 1) Needs Analysis – The overall needs index across the four domains was 0.32. Ranked from highest to lowest need were: basic thinking skills (0.34) procedures for teaching history (0.32) application of artificial intelligence (AI) for learning management (0.32) local-history learning content (0.29) 2) Developed Model – The proposed model comprises six components: (1) Principles (2) Objectives (3) AI-based learning management (4) Historical-instruction procedures (5) Local-history learning content and (6) Assessment and evaluation. Experts judged both the appropriateness and feasibility of the model to be at the highest level. 3) Model Effectiveness – When implemented with the sample group, the model achieved an effectiveness index (E1/E2) of 88.29/86.29 4) Model Evaluation – Students’ basic thinking skills after using the model were significantly higher than before implementation at the .01 level of statistical significance. Stakeholders’ satisfaction with the model was also at the highest level.

DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING INNOVATION VIA ONLINE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL IN NAKHON PHANOM

Sataphol Jaisabai, Sasithorn Longlert, Papangkorn Saibua, Marvin Thokeaw — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aimed to: 1) study the online learning system of lower secondary schools in Nakhon Phanom Province, 2) develop online learning processes, 3) develop learning packages and creative activities, and 4) develop online learning innovations for lower secondary school students in the study area. The research was conducted through four sub-projects, consisting of documentary research, participatory action research, and research and development. Various research instruments were employed, including questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. The sample consisted of school administrators, teachers, and lower secondary students in That Phanom District, totaling 114 participants.

The findings revealed that the most widely used online learning platforms in lower secondary schools were Google Site and Google Classroom, which effectively supported blended learning and self-directed learning. The development of online teaching and learning processes highlighted the importance of content design, learning activities, communication and interaction, as well as appropriate assessment methods. The development of learning packages and creative activities based on local contexts demonstrated higher-than-standard efficiency and significantly enhanced students’ English reading comprehension and creativity. Moreover, students expressed a high level of satisfaction with the learning packages. The overall implementation of online learning innovations was found to be appropriate, with a high mean score (x̄ = 3.90), indicating that online innovations can effectively support student learning. In conclusion, this study confirms that the development of online learning innovations can enhance the quality of education, align with the specific context of Nakhon Phanom Province, and serve as a crucial guideline for teaching and learning management in the digital era.

THE EFFECTS OF USING GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS IN STORYTELLING ACTIVITIES ON THE SPEAKING ABILITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN CASE STUDY OF WAT BANGKRAI NORK SCHOOL, NONTHABURI PROVINCE

Pennapa Panpimit, Kanjana Silpakityan — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research aimed to compare the speaking abilities of early childhood students before and after participating in storytelling activities supported by graphic organizers. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest method. The participants were 15 preschool children level 3 students, aged 5–6 years, from Wat Bangkrainok School under the Nonthaburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, during the second semester of the 2023 academic year. The research instruments consisted of (1) lesson plans incorporating graphic organizers into storytelling activities to promote speaking abilities, and (2) a speaking ability assessment form for early childhood students. The instruments were validated by three experts, yielding an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 0.67, indicating acceptable quality. Data were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation.

The research findings revealed that the students’ speaking abilities significantly improved after participating in the activities. In the aspect of narrative speaking, the post-test scores were higher than the pre-test scores, with the pre-test total score of 56, a mean score of 3.73, and a standard deviation of 2.40, compared to the post-test total score of 148, a mean score of 9.87, and a standard deviation of 2.00. In the aspect of conversational speaking, the post-test scores also exceeded the pre-test scores, with the pre-test total score of 74, a mean score of 4.93, and a standard deviation of 2.58, compared to the post-test total score of 165, a mean score of 11.00, and a standard deviation of 2.17

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF FARMERS IN CONSTITUENCY 5, SUPHAN BURI PROVINCE

Phanarin Inskul, Somkiat Kiatcharoen, Rungsun Inchan — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article The objectives are to study 1) Problem level of farmers in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province 2) Problem solving approach of farmers in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province 3) Relationship between problems and problem solving approach of farmers in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province and 4) Suggestions for problem solving approach of farmers in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province This research is a quantitative research. The population is farmers in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province. The sample group was calculated using Yamane's formula, totaling 393 people. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and linear multiple regression analysis using the Enter method at a statistical significance level of .05.

The results of the research found that 1) The level of farmers’ problems in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province, is at a high level overall. 2) The level of farmers’ problem-solving approaches in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province, is at a high level overall. 3) The relationship between problems and farmers’ problem-solving approaches in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province, is at a low level overall, equal to .457, with statistical significance at the .01 level, with a multiple correlation coefficient of .556 (R = .556). All independent variables explain the variation of the dependent variable by 31.0 percent, with an R2 value of .310, and an F value of 28.7620. and 4) The recommendations for farmers’ problem-solving approaches in Constituency 5, Suphan Buri Province, are that the price of fertilizer products should be controlled so that they are not too high, and the interest rate should be adjusted down further.

FACTORS AFFECTIONG THE PERCEPTION OF HEALTH INSURANCE RIGHTS OF PEOPLE IN BO PLAP SUBDISTRICT, MUEANG NAKHON PATHOM DISTRICT, NAKHON PATHOM PROVINCE

Tarinyada Laoprom, Rungsun Inchan, Watcharin sutthisai — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research objectives were to 1) Factors affecting the perception of health insurance rights 2) Level of awareness of health insurance rights 3) Factors affecting the perception of health insurance rights and 4) Recommendations on the perception of health insurance rights of people in Bo Plap Subdistrict, Mueang Nakhon Pathom District, Nakhon Pathom Province This research is a quantitative research. The population includes household heads or representatives of household heads in Bo Plap Subdistrict, Mueang Nakhon Pathom District, Nakhon Pathom Province. The sample size was calculated using Yamane's method. The sample size was 370 people. Simple random sampling was used. A questionnaire was used as the research tool. Statistics, mean, standard deviation, and linear multiple regression analysis were used by Enter at a statistical significance level of .05 to analyze the data.

The research findings revealed that: 1) The overall level of factors influencing the awareness of health insurance rights was at a moderate level. 2) The overall level of awareness of health insurance rights was also at a moderate level. 3)The factors influencing the awareness of health insurance rights had a high correlation, with a value of .830, which was statistically significant at the .01 level. The multiple correlation coefficient was .837, explaining 70.1% of the variance, also statistically significant at the .01 level. 4) Recommendations for improving public awareness of health insurance rights in Bo Phlap Subdistrict, Mueang Nakhon Pathom District, Nakhon Pathom Province include organizing training sessions to educate the public about their rights to medical care and providing information on newly extended benefits, particularly the right to treatment for critical or high-cost illnesses.

PROBLEMS IN MANAGING UN-CLEARANCE GOODS FROM INTERNATIONAL RAIL FREIGHT ACCORDING TO THE CUSTOMS ACT, B.E. 2560

Thitipong Chanaphirak — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aims to 1. Study the issues related to the management of abandoned goods resulting from rail freight transport in Thailand. 2. Examine the customs legal measures and practices regarding abandoned goods in foreign countries.

Analyze potential solutions to improve the management of abandoned goods from rail freight transport in Thailand. This research is a documentary study.The methodology involves collecting data from textbooks, academic books, articles, independent studies, relevant regulations, official announcements, court judgments both from Thailand and abroad, as well as related documents available on the internet. These materials are then examined using descriptive and analytical legal research methods in order to compare and draw conclusions.

The study found that the occurrence of “abandoned goods” in rail freight transport is caused by several factors, including the complexity and intricacy of customs procedures, ambiguity in relevant laws, and issues related to cooperation between domestic and international agencies. In particular, the lack of effective coordination and agreements to address abandoned goods in cross-border rail transport has become a major challenge. These issues stem from the lack of clarity in the enforcement of the Customs Act B.E. 2560 (2017), which does not specifically define criteria for abandoned goods in the rail transport context. Additionally, there is a lack of clear guidance on the management of such goods, and inconsistent interpretations of legal provisions at the international level, leading to delays and increased costs in customs operations. This study proposes recommendations to improve the clarity of customs law, aligning it with practical realities, and to develop more effective international cooperation mechanisms to prevent and resolve issues related to abandoned goods in rail transport.

MEASURES TO SIMMON INDIVIDUALS TO GIVE STATEMENTS UNDER THE ORGANIC ACT ON STATE AUDIT B.E. 2561 (2018)

theeraphon puntachai, Bandit Khwayota — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aims to: 1) Study concepts and theories concerning measures for summoning individuals to provide testimony 2) analyze the legal principles and procedures related to the delivery of summons orders in Thailand and abroad; and 3) propose legal amendments and appropriate measures for summoning individuals. The study employs a documentary research methodology, focusing on laws, legal concepts, and theories, and includes a comparative analysis with foreign legal systems.

The findings reveal that: 1) The exercise of authority by the Office of the Auditor General must comply with legal principles and human rights standards. There are two official methods of delivering summonses: by personal delivery or by registered express mail. If a summoned individual fails to appear without valid reason, they may be subject to criminal liability under Section 105 of the Organic Act on State Audit B.E. 2561 (2018). 2) Although the law authorizes such summonses, the process lacks adequate safeguards for individual rights, such as the right to be informed, to object, or to explain one’s intent. This may lead to potential violations of the rule of law and human rights. Furthermore, the current delivery methods face practical limitations, such as incorrect registration addresses, lack of tracking systems, or appeal mechanisms, unlike some foreign systems that utilize electronic communications. Legal procedures should therefore be revised to ensure fairness and alignment with international standards. 3) The study proposes policy-based recommendations for legal reform and improved procedures, including modernized channels for issuing summonses (e.g., email, official applications, digital identification systems), the establishment of processes for submitting justifications for non-compliance, and the implementation of graduated penalties to ensure justice and legal conformity.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT USING A FLIPPED CLASSROOM MODEL TO MANAGE LEARNING IN CONJUNCTION WITH LECTURE-BASED TEACHING IN CRIMINAL LAW 1

Umaporn Kalasaen, Ussanee Tunsungnai — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aims to 1) compare the academic achievement of students before and after using the flipped classroom model combined with lecture-based teaching, 2) develop the learning management of the flipped classroom model combined with lecture-based teaching, and 3) to evaluate students' satisfaction with the teaching and learning management using the flipped classroom model combined with lecture teaching. The target group for this research is second-year undergraduate law students enrolled in Criminal Law 1, Semester 1, Academic Year 2023, totaling 44 students, selected through cluster random sampling. The research design involves a one-group pretest-posttest design, and the research instruments include a learning plan and learning activity management in Criminal Law 1 using the flipped classroom model combined with lecture teaching, a pretest and posttest achievement test in Criminal Law 1, and a student satisfaction assessment regarding the learning activities. Data analysis is conducted using mean, standard deviation (S.D.), and comparison of pretest and posttest

achievement differences using an independent samples t-test.

The study found that the comparison of students' academic performance after using the flipped classroom model combined with lectures in Criminal Law 1 showed that post-test scores were significantly higher than pre-test scores at the 0.05 level. Additionally, students' satisfaction with the teaching management using the flipped classroom model combined with lectures was at a high level.

Mr. THE GUIDANCE FOR THE USE OF FACTS FROM AUDITS BY THE STATE AUDIT OFFICE AS THE BASIS FOR INVESTIGATION OR INQUIRY DOCUMENTS AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONSIDERATIONS

Suranont Kuttiyanont, Bandit Khwayota — Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract

This research article aims to examine the legal issues surrounding the failure to incorporate factual findings from the reports of the Office of the Auditor General of Thailand (OAG) into investigation files, inquiries, or administrative proceedings, despite existing legal provisions mandating such integration. These legal measures remain insufficient in scope and enforcement. The study focuses on analyzing relevant concepts, theories, and legal principles, including international audit practices, to formulate policy and legal recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such measures. This study employs a documentary research methodology, analyzing both domestic and international legal texts and literature, alongside comparative legal analysis, with the support of artificial intelligence tools for structuring and synthesizing information.

The findings reveal that: 1. Key concepts and theories identified include the rule of law, proper exercise of discretion, public sector good governance, the principle of hearing both sides, and the principles of independence and impartiality. These support the notion that incorporating factual findings from audit reports can enhance accuracy, transparency, and fairness in legal and administrative processes. 2. Although the Organic Act on State Audit B.E. 2561 (2018), Sections 7, 88, and 99, mandates the inclusion of audit reports in investigation files, there remains a lack of explicit penalties or enforcement mechanisms. This legal gap can result in neglect or distortion of facts. 3. International practices from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan employ mechanisms such as public disclosure, follow-up procedures, and strong societal pressure. These approaches, although not legally binding, have proven highly effective. Such methods should be adapted for use in Thailand, along with the implementation of clear legal sanctions.