Economics and Public Policy Journal

Behavioral Economics And Nudges: Seat Reservation for Special Individuals by Individuals at Srinakharinwirot University, Phasarnmit : A Case Study of the MRT Subway

2025-06-24T14:59:56+07:00

The choice to occupy reserved seats for special groups is a behavior that results from an individual's decision-making process. The decision-making of people in society can be explained using theories related to behavioral economics, focusing on current satisfaction, societal behavior, and empathy towards special groups. This study, therefore, aims to explore the behavior of choosing reserved seats for special groups through nudging methods to promote appropriate behavior, with 132 participants in the experiment. Additionally, a survey was conducted with 62 participants, simulating different scenarios through a questionnaire. The results of the experiment using nudging found that the Peer Effect method, or creating influence from those around, was the most effective in influencing the decision to surrender reserved seats for special groups. Therefore, creating awareness by ensuring that the reserved seats are frequently occupied by individuals from the special group, such as by displaying images or symbols of that group in clearly visible areas, is the most effective approach. Furthermore, the survey results revealed that different scenarios influenced the decision to surrender the reserved seats for special groups, with the factors that played a role differing depending on the situation. In the scenario where only one reserved seat was available, the factors influencing the decision included monthly income, the number of stations per trip, and average daily fare. In the scenario where the decision was made while the individual was injured, no factors were found to affect the decision. In the overall scenario of surrendering reserved seats for special groups, the only factor influencing the decision was age, which reflects the influence of demographic factors in the decision-making process in this context.

The Potential of Rubber Supply Chain Along the Economic Corridors Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT): Case study in Thailand

2025-06-24T14:29:36+07:00

This study aims to demonstrate the potential of the rubber supply chain along the IMT-GT Economic Corridor in the 14 southern provinces by analyzing qualitative data from upstream, midstream and downstream which can be used as a guideline to support the strategy for developing the rubber industry in the South along the IMT-GT economic corridor and use data to increase spatial potential.

Production (Upstream), the south has the most rubber plantation areas or 60.40% of the total rubber plantation areas in the country. The rubber plantation areas of the provinces along the economic corridors constitute 53.72% of the rubber plantation areas nationwide. The area with the largest rubber plantations is Surat Thani or 407,113 hectares (11.29%), followed by Songkhla or 316,599 hectares (8.47%), and Nakhon Si Thammarat or 240,052 hectares (8.03%). They are situated in EC1 with the total area of 30.11%. Moreover, the rubber plantation areas in EC6 constitute 11.22% of the output. Therefore, the appropriate areas for the development of rubber value chain will be the areas in EC1 and EC6 that collect, process, and distribute rubber products for domestic consumption and export.

Processing (Intermediate), the primary product is tapped rubber (100%) which will be processed into three products namely: 1) Latex (59%) farmers in the south of Thailand tend to sell latex more for convenience and ability to reduce the risk of price fluctuation. 2) Raw rubber sheet (8%). 3) Cup lump or rubber crumb (33%)

Distribution (Downstream), the products from the intermediate industry include 1) Concentrated latex with 78% for export and 22% for domestic consumption. They consist of rubber gloves (47%), condoms (7%), and others (46%) 2) Ribbed Smoked sheet with 88% for export and 12% for domestic consumption 3) Technically specified rubber with 90% for export and 10% for domestic consumption such as rubber tires (91%) and others (9%). The downstream industry is the industry to process raw materials from the intermediate industry into final products for consumers. The products include pillows, latex mattresses, rubber gloves, condoms, rubber roads, auto tires, motorcycle tires, aircraft tires, rubber bands, conveyor belts, athletic shoes, waterproof strips.

Determinants of the Household Debts in Rural Areas

2025-01-23T11:26:13+07:00

The household debt in Thailand has grown rapidly for the last decade. Rising household debt can contribute to not only household financial fragility, but also negative economic and financial sector outcomes in the long run. This paper aims to investigate factors influencing household loan decision using the survey of the 256 individuals. The findings demonstrate that factors impacting household loan decisions differ across farm and non-farm households. Non-farm households are likely to have a higher debt burden when their income increases, however, household income has no significantly impact on debt level in non-farm household. Poor farming households are less likely to have household debt, however, this study finds no significantly different on non-farm household debt between poor households and non-poor households. Therefore, analyzing data without distinguishing between farm and non-farm households might provide the incorrect message. Additionally, while increased debt may not always indicate a negative effect on housesholds, it is important to look into household debt and default at the same time.

The study of fraud types and factors influencing financial fraud behavior

2025-02-14T10:34:33+07:00

In the current era of digital technological advancement, transformative changes in human lifestyle have emerged, simultaneously creating increasingly complex challenges. One critical issue is financial fraud, which represents a significant threat with extensive impacts on individuals, society, and the economic system. This research initially investigates the factors influencing financial fraud vulnerability and the typologies of fraudulent schemes that trigger susceptibility. The study categorizes fraudulent methods into five distinct types: opportunity-based scams, threat-based scams, consumer purchase scams, phishing scams, and romance scams. Data was collected through questionnaires from a sample of 200 participants to identify the two most believable fraud typologies. Subsequently, these fraud patterns were subjected to experimental simulation involving 100 experimental participants to determine the most persuasive deception strategy. The research findings revealed multiple factors contributing to financial fraud vulnerability, including Age, Marital status, Education level, Monthly income, financial damage incurred, Opportunity-based scams, Consumer purchase scams, Phishing scams Notably, the experimental results demonstrated that consumer purchase scams exhibited the highest potential for inducing participant susceptibility.

Electronic cigarettes: Types, Impacts, and Measures for Policy Recommendations in Thailand

2024-10-18T11:35:20+07:00

Currently, electronic cigarettes have been developed with more attractive designs for users, making them increasingly popular in Thailand, especially among teenagers, with illegal sales and imports occurring. This academic article aims to: 1) examine the types and impacts of electronic cigarettes, 2) study electronic cigarette measures in Thailand and foreign countries, and 3) present policy recommendations for Thailand. The findings reveal that electronic cigarettes are divided into two categories: 1) electronic cigarettes without tobacco leaf components and 2) electronic cigarettes with tobacco components. Electronic cigarettes have three major impacts: 1) health effects on users, 2) environmental impacts, and 3) effects on bystanders. Regarding measures in Thailand, the country implements an absolute prohibition approach through multiple laws. Electronic cigarette regulations in foreign countries show variations in details, though all countries strictly prohibit advertising. The author proposes comprehensive policies including improving legal definitions, establishing specialized agencies, increasing penalties especially for sales to youth, conducting educational campaigns through schools and social media, establishing assistance centers, enhancing international cooperation, and considering conditional regulatory approaches specifically for smoking cessation purposes.

Tax measures for chemicals used in agriculture aiming to Sustainable Agriculture

2025-01-23T11:29:20+07:00

The agricultural sector has driven Thailand's economy, resulting to one of the world's most important sources of food and agricultural products. Due to global changes, which is caused by human activities. In particular, the use of high-intense chemicals and their severe toxicity are important factors. Chemicals are used for various purposes, one of which is used in agriculture. This is because chemicals are considered innovations resulting from the development of agricultural technology that can increase the quantity, quality, and appearance of agricultural products, resulting in the creation of added value for the agricultural industry and business. However, if chemicals are used in quantities that are higher than necessary or chemicals with high concentrations that result in high hazards, the focus is on agriculture that reduces, abandons, and ends the use of chemicals. Therefore, government policies and supporting mechanisms play an important role in driving and enhancing agricultural capabilities. This article is a study and demonstration of a fiscal policy tool, namely the collection of taxes on chemicals used in agriculture. Therefore, the history of chemical use in the agricultural sector in Thailand, the impacts that have occurred, and the approach to controlling chemical use have been discussed to demonstrate the importance of using fiscal policy tools or chemical taxes used in agriculture, as well as case studies from other countries. Particularly focusing on this article is the initiative approach and the forecast of taxes for chemicals used in agriculture that can be collected to reflect the positive impacts that will occur, including policy recommendations that the government and related agencies can apply to create beneficial results and be able to raise the potential of the agricultural sector to a higher level. Key findings include that the determination of agricultural chemical tax rates in Thailand should consider crucial factors such as production structures, the concentration or hazard level of chemicals, the value of the chemicals, and their indirect impacts. This includes the need for government support in expanding the market for organic agricultural products, and the necessity of developing an up-to-date data system regarding currently used chemicals, their users, and distributors. Additionally, the use of fiscal policy tools should be encouraged; initially, this might involve providing funding or subsidies to support organic or chemical-free farming.