A striking fair balance of IP protection and renewable energy investment: the case study of patents

Main Article Content

Chaiwat Muangkeaw

Abstract

This paper scrutinises the impact of conventional energy consumption and the use of patents to protect environmental degradation and stimulate energy investment in the context of European and Thai laws. The study revealed a linkage between patent right protection and the environment. Patents could be utilised to support international mechanisms, for instance, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Paris agreement. From the research, the patent rights protection is crucial to attracting investor to develop eco-friendly innovation. The ongoing stream of innovations is anticipated by energy investors to reduce costs and improve the performance of energy production by using the patent pool and eco-patent common. Although Thailand is trying to incentivise investment to follow international standards, patent protection in Thailand still has some drawbacks, which need to be reconsidered.

Article Details

Section
Academic Articles

References

1. Samantha Ölz et al., ‘Contribution of Renewables to Energy Security’ (2007) International Energy Agency, 8.
2. Niels Anger, ‘Emission Trading beyond Europe: Linking Schemes in a Post-Kyoto World’ (2006) Centre for European Economic Research Germany, 1-2.
3. Stéphanie Chuffart, ‘Technology Transfer and Dissemination under the UNFCCC: Achievements and New Perspectives’ (2013) Columbia Law School, 3.
4. Derclaye, E. ‘Should Patent Law Help Cool the Planet? An Inquiry from the Point of View of Environmental Law’ (2009) 5-6 IELR 186, 229.
5. Singh Ghaleigh, N.S. ‘The puzzling persistence of the intellectual property/ climate change relationship’ in Brown, AEL (ed) Environmental Technologies, Intellectual Property and Climate Change: Accessing, Obtaining and Protecting (Edward Elgar, 2013), 77.
6. Hugh Saddler, ‘National energy security in a world where use of fossil fuels is constrained’ (2011) CCEP working paper 9.10, 2.
7. Volker Oschmann, ‘Renewable Energy Sources in European Law: An Overview’ (2006) 6 JEEPL 478, 478 – 479.
8. R.E.H. Sims et al, ‘Energy Supply’ (The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007) < https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg3/ar4-wg3-chapter4.pdf> accessed 1 October 2016, 265.
9. Iiias Bantekas, ‘Natural Resource Revenue Sharing Schemes (Trust Funds) in International Law’ [2005] NILR 31, 32.
10. Michael L.Ross, The Oil Curse: How Petroleum Wealth Shapes the Development of Nations (Princeton University Press 2012), 33.
11. Robin Boadway and Michael Keen, ‘Theoretical Perspectives on Resource Tax Design’ in Phillip Daniel. Michael Keen and Charles McPherson (eds), The Taxation of Petroleum and Minerals: Principles, Problems and Practice, (Routledge 2010), 13.
12. Dr Valérie Marcel et al., ‘A Local Content Decision Tree for Emerging Producers’ (2016) The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2.
13. Macartan Humphreys et al., ‘What is the Problem with Natural Wealth?’ in Macartan Humphreys, Jeffery D. Sachs, and Joseph E. Stiglitz (eds), Escaping The Resource Curse (Columbia University Press 2007), 1.
14. Thomas I. Palley, ‘Lifting the Natural Resource Curse’ (2003) 80 Foreign Service Journal 54, 54.
15. Jim Shultz, Follow the Money: A Guide to Monitoring Budgets and Oil and Gas Revenues (Open Society Institute 2005), 32.
16. Sanford E. Gaines, ‘International law and institution for climate change’ in Joshua Sarnoff (ed.), Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and Climate Change (Edward Elgar Publishing 2016), 38.
17. The International Council on Human Rights Policy, ‘Beyond technology transfer: protecting human right in a climate-constrained world’ in Joshua Sarnoff (ed.), Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and Climate Change (Edward Elgar Publishing 2016), 136.
18. Matthew Rimmer, Intellectual Property and Climate Change (Edward Elgar Publishing 2011), 42.
19. Rob Youngman et al., ‘Evaluating Technology Transfer in the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation’ (2007) 7 Climate Policy 488, 489.
20. European Commission, ‘Communication from the commission to the European parliament and the council’
accessed 8 October 2016, 5-6.
21. ForumCC Tanzania, ‘The Paris Agreement’ (2015) ANALYTICAL PAPER Forum CC Tanzania http://www.rosalux.co.tz/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Analytical-Paper-on-Paris-Agreement-Reviewed.pdf accessed 9 October 2016, 9.
22. Bassem Awad, ‘Patent Pledges in Green Technology’ University of Western Ontario, 30 May 2015 < http://www.pijip.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Bassem-Awad-PP-in-Green-Tech.-Patent-Pledges-2015.pdf> accessed 5 October 2016, 4.
23. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, ‘The OECD Innovation Strategy: Getting a head start on tomorrow’ (2010) accessed 5 October 2016, 10-11.
24. International Energy Agency, ‘Energy Perspectives 2010 – Scenarios & Strategies to 2050’ (2010) IEA, 50.
25. The International Renewable Energy Agency, ‘Renewable Energy Innovation Policy: Success Criteria and Strategies’ (2013) IRENA, 28.The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA,
26. Martin Ewan, 'Law and technology in the oilfield.' in Greg Gordon, John Paterson and Emre Üşenmez (eds), Oil and Gas Law: Current Practice and Emerging Trends. (2nd, Dundee University, Dundee 2011), 508.
27. Sharon K. and Levine, David S. Trade Secrets and Climate Change: Uncovering Secret Solutions to the Problem of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Edward Elgar Forthcoming 2014), 3.
28. Kewanee Oil Co. v. Bicron Corp., 416 U.S. 470 (1974) accessed 6 October 2016, 493.
Martin Ewan (n60) 510.
29. WIPO, ‘Patent Pools and Antitrust: A Comparative Analysis’ (2014) World Intellectual Property Organization 2014, 3.
Jeanne Clark et al., ‘Patent Pools: A Solution to the Problem of Access in Biotechnology Patents?’ (United States Patent and Trademark Office, 2000)
< https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/dapp/opla/patentpool.pdf> accessed 4 October 2016, 8.
30. Andrew Boynton, ‘Eco-Patent Commons: A Donation Approach Encouraging Innovation within the Patent System’ (2011) 35 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev 659, 678.
31. Bronwyn H. Hall et al., ‘Innovation and Diffusion of Clean/Green Technology: Can Patent Commons Help?’ (2013) 66 Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 33, 35.
32. IRENA, ‘Renewable Energy Outlook: Thailand’ (2017) International Renewable Energy Agency 2017, 19.
33. อนันต์ คงเครือพันธุ์ “แง่คิดในการพิจารณาคดีปกครองเพื่อประโยชน์สาธารณะ”(สำนักงานศาลปกครอง 2017) p.6 accessed 3 April 2020
34. Judgements of Supreme administrative court of Thailand อ 75/2554, อ 239/2556, อ 285/2556, อ 619/2557.
35. Cabinet resolution of 5 June 2018 < http://www.ldd.go.th/Web_Cabinet/PDF/2561/Jun/05062018.pdf> accessed 7 April 2020
36. Robert H. Williams, ‘Advanced Energy Supply Technologies’ in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (New York, UNDP, 2015) 284.
37. IPP Power Purchase Agreements Department (EGAT Thailand) accessed 23 March 2020.