Measures Relation to Conscription and Reserve Force Management

บทคัดย่อ

Being a “Soldier” is a profession which focuses on maintaining security of a State. The main task is to fight against enemies of the state. The reason why being a soldier is considered a profession is because a soldier is undergoing practices of the use of weapons and learning tactical strategies that deem to be used during mission and assignments when protecting the country during war time. The advantage of having a military is that it assures for the security of a state, from external factors that could lead to disputes. Nevertheless, the disadvantage of having a military in a country is that it can be used as a political tool. Military power can develop to political power.

Presently, conscription is facing problems on every aspect. “State Security” is essential to be regulated in the Constitution, from the issue of conscription to reserve force management, which shall be within the limitation of the law, particularly, on the rights and liberties that complies with the rule of law. Rule of law resolutions should accommodate human rights principles.

By addressing the impacts of conscription and reserve force management, this research study and the benefit of the volunteering to become military officer system would therefore propose the following:

In order to resolve the issue of conscription conflicting with the regulations of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the researcher would like to propose for the “termination of the conscription system” under the Military Officers Act B.E. 2494 (1951), and replace it with the Volunteer Reserve Force system, such as, the system that is being used in the United Kingdom, United States of America, and Australia because Thailand is not under war or facing critical condition that could lead to a severe international dispute.On resource force management, the researcher would like to propose for the adjustment in the academic education on military study by modifying high school curriculums for boys by making military study a compulsory subject in school. The students shall benefit from it in return. For the girls, it should become a voluntary system and this shall be amended into the Promotion of Education on Military Practices Act B.E. 2503 (1960).

In addition, there should be clear provisions on human rights that also cover soldiers and reserve forces by regarding human dignity, equality, and right and liberties, of life and property to protect physical abuse from wrong culture of Thai military forces in term of “beating up” or “extrajudicial severe disciplinary action”.

Law related to welfare should be designate for those who volunteer to join the military by also identifying strict anti-fraud remuneration measures. For the workforce balance, legislation related to reserve forces and for that in position to carry out military operation, additional amendment shall be made to also cover similar positions that are in the civil service. This will enable the state to maintain an administration with quality which could be compared to the base of development of the Republic of China (Taiwan) or Singapore