A Comparative Study of the Route for Lawyers to Access the French and Thai Legal Systems
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
To become a lawyer, certain conditions must be fulfilled in all countries: a legal degree, citizenship, academic background, moral requirements, training, etc. Some similarities and differences can be highlighted depending on the country's legal and regulatory frameworks. The objective of this article is to analyze and compare how to become a fully-qualified lawyer in both France and Thailand in order to provide observations to improve the access to legal professions in Thailand.
This article was written by using the literature review method from primary legal documents (such as legal provisions) and related regulations from France and Thailand.[1] Secondary legal documents (law books, official administrative reports, etc.) were also used in order to analyze and offer observations and recommendations concerning access to the legal profession in Thailand.
This study demonstrates that becoming a lawyer in Thailand is similar to the French legal system in many aspects though differences between the two countries' systems certainly exist. Today, the process of accessing legal professions in Thailand is subject to major concerns and Thai jurists request reform. This study is relevant because access to the profession is currently being discussed in Thailand.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The copyright in this website and the material on this website (including without limitation the text, computer code, artwork, photographs, images, music, audio material, video material and audio-visual material on this website) is owned by Chulalongkorn University Law Journal and its licensors.
1. Chulalongkorn University Law Journal grants to you a worldwide non-exclusive royalty-free revocable license to:
- view this website and the material on this website on a computer or mobile device via a web browser;
- copy and store this website and the material on this website in your web browser cache memory; and
- print pages from this website for your use.
- All articles published by Chulalongkorn University Law Journal are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.
2. Chulalongkorn University Law Journal does not grant you any other rights in relation to this website or the material on this website. In other words, all other rights are reserved. For the avoidance of doubt, you must not adapt, edit, change, transform, publish, republish, distribute, redistribute, broadcast, rebroadcast or show or play in public this website or the material on this website (in any form or media) without appropriately and conspicuously citing the original work and source or Chulalongkorn University Law Journal prior written permission.
3. You may request permission to use the copyright materials on this website by writing to journal@law.chula.ac.th.
4. Chulalongkorn University Law Journal takes the protection of its copyright very seriously. If Chulalongkorn University Law Journal discovers that you have used its copyright materials in contravention of the license above, Chulalongkorn University Law Journal may bring legal proceedings against you seeking monetary damages and an injunction to stop you using those materials. You could also be ordered to pay legal costs.
If you become aware of any use of Chulalongkorn University Law Journal's copyright materials that contravenes or may contravene the license above or any material on the website that you believe infringes your or any other person's copyright, please report this by email to journal@law.chula.ac.th.
References
Announcement of the Law Practice Training Center of the Lawyers Councils on Academic Examination of the applicant of the Law Practice Training Center Generation 58th, dated 12 April 2022.
Announcement of the Law Practice Training Center of the Lawyers Councils on Practical Examination of the applicant of the Law Practice Training Center Generation 57th, dated 22 August 2022.
Arrêté du 9 mai 2022, modifiant l'arrêté du 7 décembre, 2005 fixant le programme et les modalités de l'examen d'aptitude à la profession d'avocat. [online] Available from : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000045780414 [1 August 2022]
Article 101 3o de la loi no 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971
Article 11 1o de la loi no 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971
Article 11 4o de la loi no 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971
Article 11 5o de la loi no 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971
Article 52 du décret no 91-1197 du 27 novembre 1991 organisant la profession d’avocat et Article 11 de la loi no 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971
Article 58 du décret no 91-1197 du 27 novembre 1991 organisant la profession d’avocat
Avocats Barreau de Paris. Du Moyen-Âge à nos jours, découvrez l’histoire de notre barreau. [online] Available from : https://www.avocatparis.org/qui-sommes-nous/un-peu-dhistoire#:~:text=Du%20Moyen%2DAge%20%C3%A0%20la [9 September 2022]
Charnchai Sawangsagdi. France’s Influence in the Thai Legal Reform. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Winyuchon Publication House, 2015.
Clause 13 of Rules of the Lawyers Council of Thailand regarding the Law Practice Training Center B.E. 2529 (A.D. 1986)
Clause 17 of Thai Bar Regulation B.E. 2507 (A.D. 1964)
Conseil National des Barreaux, Toutes les conditions d’accès à la profession. [online] Available from : https://www.cnb.avocat.fr/fr/toutes-les-conditions-dacces-la-profession#:~:text=La%20profession%20d'avocat%20est%20en%20principe%20r%C3%A9serv%C3%A9e%20aux%20titulaires,d'avocats%20(CRFPA) [1 August 2022]
Décret n°2004-1386 du 21 décembre, 2004 relatif à la formation professionnelle des avocats (Decree n°2004-1386 of 21 December 2004 on the professional training of lawyers). [online] Available from : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000000805388/ [1 August 2022]
Directive 98/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 to facilitate practice of the profession of lawyer on a permanent basis in a Member State other than that in which the qualification was obtained. [online] Available from : https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/ALL/?uri=celex%3A31998L0005 [1 August 2022]
Directory of French bar’s schools. [online] Available from : https://www.cnb.avocat.fr/fr/annuaire-ecoles [1 August 2022]
E. W. Timberlake Jr. Origin and Development of Advocacy as a Profession. Virginia Law Review 9, 1 (November 1922): 25.
G. Sharswood. An Essay on Professional Ethics. Philadelphia: T. & J. W. Johnson & co., 1860.
Information and Public Relations Division, Court of Justice, 7th August Rapee Day Podcast. [online] Available from : https://iprd.coj.go.th/th/content/category/detail/id/10/cid/10720/iid/205879 [1 August 2022]
La décision à caractère normatif n° 2005-003 portant adoption du règlement intérieur national (RIN) de la profession d’avocat. [online] Available from : https://www.cnb.avocat.fr/fr/reglement-interieur-national-de-la-profession-davocat-rin [1 August 2022]
Law Practice Training Center of the Lawyers Councils. Lawyers’ Ethics and Manners. Bangkok: Borpit Printing Co., LTD, 2001.
Le Décret n°2005-790 du 12 juillet. 2005 relatif aux règles de déontologie de la profession d’avocat. [online] Available from : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000000633327/2022-07-24/ [1 August 2022]
Le Décret n°91-1197 du 27 novembre. 1991 Organisant la profession d’avocat. [online] Available from : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000000356568/ [1 August 2022]
Loi n° 71-1130 du 31 décembre 1971. Portant réforme de certaines professions judiciaires et juridiques. [online] Available from : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/LEGITEXT000006068396/ [1 August 2022]
Matichon Online. Lawyers Council protests the proposition of the National Council of Legal Education for authorizing the barristers to proceed with the lawsuit without training. [online] Available from : https://www.matichon.co.th/politics/news_3186067 [1 August 2022]
Munin Phongsapan. Reform of the legal education in Thailand, Change ‘Deaf lawyer’ into ‘People’s rights protectors. [online] Available from : https://www.the101.world/legal-education-reform/ [1 August 2022]
Nikon Thatsaro. Prince Rapee Pattanasak the Father of Thai Law. 1st ed. Bangkok: Nanmeebook, 2006.
Sawaeng Boonchalermvipas. The Thai Legal History. 19th ed.Bangkok: Winyuchon Publication House, 2020.
Section 258 c. (2) of Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand
Section 3 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2457 (A.D. 1914)
Section 35 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2528 (1985)
Section 35 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2528 (A.D. 1985)
Section 37 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2528 (A.D. 1985)
Section 38 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2528
Section 4 of Lawyer Act B.E. 2508 (A.D. 1965)
Section 7 of the Act on Judicial Administration of the Courts of Justice R.E. 111 (A.D. 1892).
Sutthichai Ngamchuensuwan. Preliminary recommendation for reforming national legal educations. [online] Available from : https://www.the101.world/legal-education-reform-recommendation/ [1 August 2022]
Thairath. Lawyers Council protests the fact that the Committee of the National Council of Legal Education would have the power to authorize lawyers. [online] Available from : https://www.thairath.co.th/news/local/2317965 [1 August 2022]
the Law Practice Training Center of the Lawyers Councils. Lawyers’ Ethics and Manners. Bangkok: Borpit Printing Co., LTD, 2001.
the Ministry of Justice. the law of organisation of the court of justice and the law of civil procedure of the year 127. 2nd ed. ฺBangkok: Bamrung Nukunkit Print Shop, 1908.
The Sub-Committee of the National Council of Legal Education. Guideline of the National Council of Legal Education (public version). [online] Available from : http://law.tu.ac.th/news-11-feb-2022/ [1 August 2022]
