دور السلطان محمد الفاتح في بناء الحضارة الإسلامية في عهد الدولة العثمانية

Abstract

This research is comparative study the role of Sultan Muhammad Fatih in building Islamic civilization in ottoman caliphate era on Muhammad fatih (1432-1481) Imperial Cayman seventh Sudan (1451-1481) was born in Edirne an early age to accept a strict Islamic culture and military education He attached importance to military research he is also proficient in the Arab Persian Greek and other languages After the death of his father the official successor in 1451 he establish a huge Ottoman Empire in 30 years, in May 1453, he ranks the rate of 200,000, after two months of war, captured Constantinople the Byzantine Empire out and the city as its capital was renamed Istanbul. Since then, he has launched a series of battle and expedition. Muhammad fatih in building the country have good skills, is considered the real founder of the Ottoman Empire, Ethnic and religious issues he adopted a prudent attitude towards the implementation of the policy of tolerance, To the territory being ruled nation to give a certain degree of autonomy that they be permitted in accordance with their own ways and laws of national life, can run national schools, by teaching their own language, Judaism all taught to recognize the legal existence of corporations to give them with the same rights as other churches. Muhammad fatih for the development of culture and education very seriously, he opened the school, training administrators, students of all ethnic groups equal access to language, literature, legal, military, religious, financial, administrative and other comprehensive education . His large-scale construction of the palace in Istanbul, a mosque, but also pay attention to schools, libraries creation, only in the Fatih Mosque built on both sides that the four verses of higher schools, to recruit the Muslim world renowned scholars to give lectures.