The Perspectives of Islamic Scholars on Ascertaining Pregnancy Age Affecting the Certification of an Islamic Lawful Child
Keywords:
Perspectives of scholars, Ascertaining age, Certify a childAbstract
This research article aimed to explore the perspectives of Islamic scholars on ascertaining pregnancy age affecting the certification of an Islamic lawful child. The data collection was conducted by means of the perspectives of the Islamic scholars from the four schools of thought, available in Fiqh (the theory or philosophy of Islamic law, based on the teachings of the Quran and the traditions of the Prophet) books. The data of this study were analyzed qualitatively in order to lead to conclusions. The results of this study revealed that the Islamic scholars agreed on the fact that the pregnancy age should be no less than six-month old in order to belong to his or her father. In contrast to this, if the pregnancy was found less than six-month old, it can be hypothesized that the conception took place before Islamic lawful marriage. As far as the calculation of the pregnancy is concerned, it is divided into two perspectives. First, it is calculated the time when a couple has sexual intercourse, while the other one is calculated when the marriage started. Regarding the time of having sexual intercourse, there are three perspectives of Islamic scholars on it. First, the Islamic scholars of Hanafi school of thought indicated that there is no fixed time of having sexual intercourse. Second, the Islamic scholars of Maliki, Shafii, and Hambali schools of thought maintained that there should be fixed time of having sexual intercourse. The last one, Ibn Taimiyah, however, stated that the couple should really commit adultery.
In conclusion, a baby would belong to a father if the pregnancy age should be no less than six-month old. This was calculated since a couple has had sexual intercourse for the first time. In support of this issue, there is a fixed time for the couple to have sexual intercourse. However, Ibn Taimiyah stated that the couple should really have sexual intercourse. These are to prevent the baby and his or her mother from being dishonoured and being accused of committing adultery.
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