The Study of Self-Regulation of Tertiary Thai learners in Online and Onsite French Language Learning

Main Article Content

Sunporn Eiammongkhonsakun

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate self-regulation among French language learners at the graduate level in Bangkok, and to compare their self-regulation in online and onsite French language learning. The researcher considers that the aforementioned cognitive process is of great importance as it serves as an indicator of success in learning that learners must acquire and practice. In other words, learners must practice evaluating and analyzing their own learning situation to plan and select the most appropriate and effective learning methods. Additionally, they must control the learning process to achieve the set goals, even in the face of obstacles. As the cognitive process is complex, the researcher opted for online volunteer interviews as the data collection method, involving 30 participants. The results indicated that self-regulation in learning varied in both contexts, with similarities and distinctions. Learners perceived online learning as distinct from classroom-based learning due to the necessity for independent study, immediate access to additional information, and limited interaction with peers and instructors. These three factors left a significant number of learners feeling genuinely frustrated and believing that the learning process was ineffective. The key indicators of motivation and dedication in learning were found to be the driving force, along with an engaging learning environment that could captivate interest during the learning process.


 

Article Details

Section
Research Articles

References

Andrade, M. S., & Bunker, E. L. (2009). A model for self‐regulated distance language learning. Distance Education, 30(1), 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/015879 10902845956

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. New York: Freeman.

Broadbent, J., & Poon, W. L. (2015). Self-regulated learning strategies & academic achievement in online higher education learning environments: A systematic review. The Internet and Higher Education, 27, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.04.007

Cho, M.-H., Cheon, J., & Lim, S. (2021). Preservice teachers’ motivation profiles, self-regulation, and affective outcomes in online learning. Distance Education, 42(1), 37-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2020.1869528

Dabbagh, N., & Kitsantas, A. (2005). A. Using Web-based Pedagogical Tools as Scaffolds for Self-regulated Learning. Instructional Science, 33, 513–540. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-005-1278-3

Duncan, T.G., & McKeachie, W.J. (2005). The making of the Motivated Strategies for learning Questionnaire. Educational Psychologist, 40(2), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep4002_6

Hanno, E., & Surrain, S. (2019). The Direct and Indirect Relations Between Self-Regulation and Language Development Among Monolinguals and Dual Language Learners. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 22(1), 75-89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-019-00283-3

Hartnett, M., St. George, A., & Dron, J. (2011). Examining motivation in online distance learning environments: Complex, multifaceted, and situation-dependent. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 12(6), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v12i6.1030

Hoch, E., Scheiter, K., & Schüler, A. (2019). Implementation Intentions for Improving Self-Regulation in Multimedia Learning: Why Don’t They Work? The Journal of Experimental Education, 88(4), 536-558. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973. 2019.1628693

Hromalik, C. D., & Koszalka, T. A. (2018). Self-regulation of the use of digital resources in an online language learning course improves learning outcomes. Distance Education, 39(4), 528-547. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2018.1520044

Manavipour, D., & Saeedian, Y. (2016). The role of self-compassion and control belief about learning in university students’ self-efficacy. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 5(2), 121-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.02.003

Martínez-López, Z., Villar, E., Castro, M., & Tinajero, C. (2021). Self-regulation of academic emotions: recent research and prospective view. Anales de Psicología, 37(3), 529-540. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.415651

Naseri, S., & Motallebzadeh, K. (2016). Podcasts: A Factor to Improve Iranian EFL Learner’ Self-Regulation Ability and Use of Technology. Educational Technology & Society, 19(2), 328-339. https://www.jstor.org/stable/jeductechsoci.19.2.328

Nastasi, B. K. & Schensul, S. L. (2005). Contributions of qualitative research to the validity of intervention research. Journal of School Psychology, 43(3), 177-195.

Pintrich, P. R. (2000). The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 451–502). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50043-3

Saks, K., & Leijen, Äli. (2014). Model for supporting cognitive and metacognitive strategies in technology enhanced language learning. Workshop Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computers in Education, ICCE 2014. 630-639.

https://www.etis.ee/Portal/Publications/Display/a2e13ae7-9b7e-4cf2-9d11-221a278af7d2

Schommer, M. (1994). Synthesizing epistemological belief research: Tentative understanding and provocative confusions. Educational Psychology Review, 6(4), 293-319 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213418

Schunk, D.H., & Zimmerman, B.J. (Eds.). (1994). Self-regulation of learning and performance: Issues and educational applications. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Schraw, G., Crippen, K. J., & Hartley, K. (2006). Promoting Self-Regulation in Science Education: Metacognition as Part of a Broader Perspective on Learning. Research in Science Education, 36(1-2), 111-139. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s11165-005-3917-8

Severini, Eva & Kožuchová, Mária & Kuruc, Martin & Kostrub, Dušan. (2022). SELF-REGULATION OF LEARNING IN THE NATURAL SCIENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS. Proceedings Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 10, 289-293. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357901567_SELF-REGULATION_ OF _LEARNING_IN_THE_NATURAL_SCIENCE_OF_FUTURE_TEACHERS

Shea, P., & Bidjerano, T. (2010). Learning presence: Towards a theory of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and the development of communities of inquiry in online and blended learning environments. Computers & Education, 55(4), 1721-1731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.07.017

Winters, F., Greene, J., & Costich, C. (2008). Self-Regulation of Learning within Computer-based Learning Environments: A Critical Analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 20, 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-008-9080-9

Yabukoshi, T. (2018). Self-regulation and self-efficacy for the improvement of listening proficiency outside the classroom. The Language Learning Journal, 49(1), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2018.1472626

Zimmerman, B.J. (2008). Investigating self-regulation and motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects. American Educational Research Journal, 45, 166-183. https://doi.org/ 10.3102/0002831207312909

Zimmerman, B.J., & Schunk, D.H. (2011). Self-regulated learning and performance: An introduction and overview. In B.J. Zimmerman & D.H. Schunk (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 1-12). New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203839010