Digitalization and Inclusive Growth: Examining the Effects on Female Labor Market Outcomes in ESCAP Member Countries
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of digitalization on female labor market outcomes across 60 ESCAP member countries from 1999 to 2023. Using panel data regression analysis, this study examines the effects of internet usage, ICT goods exports, and ICT service exports on female labor force participation. The findings reveal a complex relationship between digitalization and women's employment. Internet usage and ICT service exports generally show positive relationship with female labor market participation, while ICT goods exports demonstrate negative relationships. The study also highlights the significant roles of economic growth, trade openness, education, and women's political representation in shaping female labor market outcomes. The results suggest that while digitalization offers career opportunities for women, its benefits are not uniformly distributed. These findings highlight the need for targeted policies such as promoting women's participation in ICT services and addressing barriers in ICT goods manufacturing. The study contributes to the literature by revealing the complex and multifaceted impacts of different aspects of digitalization on female labor market outcomes across diverse economies, offering insights for policymakers seeking to harness digital technologies for inclusive growth and gender equality in the evolving digital economy.
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