Growth performance and intestinal morphology of hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus) fed diet supplemented with rice paddy herb (Limnophila aromatica) extract
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Published:
Feb 1, 2019
Keywords:
Rice Paddy Herb Growth Performance Intestinal Morphology Hybrid Catfish
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Abstract
Rice paddy herb (Limnophila aromatica) has long been used in Thai traditional medicine for the treatments of inflammation, digestion and fever. However, the use of L. aromatica in aquaculture diets as a natural growth stimulant has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aims of this research were conducted to examine the effects of dietary supplementation of rice paddy herb extract (LAE) on growth performance and intestinal morphology of hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus). Fish (6.55±0.20 g) were fed with the diets containing 0, 1, 3 and 5% (based on dry basis) of LAE for 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that dietary LAE produced a significant increase in weight gain, specific growth rate and feed utilization efficiency when compared to the control diet (P<0.05). In addition, intestinal villi width, intestinal villi length, goblet cell number and the thickness of intestinal smooth muscle observed in the intestines of fish fed the diets incorporated with LAE were significantly higher than those of the control (P<0.05). There were no changes in survival rate, feeding behavior, palatability, feed acceptability and external characteristics of dietary LAE supplementation compared to the control. The optimal level of LAE observed in this present study was 1%. Thus, it is concluded that LAE may be effectively used as a natural feed supplement in aquaculture diets for improving growth performance and feed utilization of cultured fish species.
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How to Cite
Munglue, P., Rattana, K., Sangchanjiradet, S., Jankam, A., & Dasri, K. (2019). Growth performance and intestinal morphology of hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus) fed diet supplemented with rice paddy herb (Limnophila aromatica) extract. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 24(2), APST–24. https://doi.org/10.14456/apst.2019.17
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Research Articles
References
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[23] Fang C, Ma M, Ji H, Ren T, Mims SD. Alterations of digestive enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and microbiota in juvenile paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, fed dietary probiotics. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2015;41(1):91-105.
[24] Merrifield DL, Harper GM, Mustafa S, Carnevali O, Picchietti S, Davies SJ. Effect of dietary alginic acid on juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestinal microbial balance, intestinal histology and growth performance. Cell Tissue Res. 2011;344(1):135-46.
[25] Haibin H, Yanjiao Z, Kangsen M, Qinghui A, Wei X, Wenbing Z, Yanxian L, Jintao L. Effects of dietary stachyose on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L). J Ocean Univ China. 2015;14(5):905-12.
[26] Kamatit W, Aoki S, Munglue P. Effects of dietary waterlily (Nymphaea pubescens) stamen extract on growth performance and intestinal morphology of common lowland frog (Rana rugulosa). KKU Res J. 2016;21(2):30-41.
[27] Azizia AE, Awadin WF, Abdelkhalek NKM, Elseady YY. Effects of dietary substitution of cod liver oil by vegetable oils on fatty acid composition in liver and muscles, lipoprotein lipase gene expression and intestinal histomorphology in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Vet Sci Med Diagn. 2014;4:2.
[28] Ostaszewska T, Korwin-Kossakowski M, Wolnicki J. Morphological changes of digestive structures in starved tench Tinca tinca (L.) juveniles. Aquacult Int. 2006;14(1):113-26.
[29] Poleksić V, Stanković M, Marković Z, Relić R, Lakić N, Dulić Z, Rašković B. Morphological and physiological evaluation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) fed extruded compound feeds containing different fat levels. Aquacult Int. 2014;22(1):289-98.
[30] Kowalska A, Zakęś Z, Jankowska B, Demska-Zakęś K. Effect of different dietary lipid levels on growth performance, slaughter yield, chemical composition, and histology of liver and intestine of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca. Czech J Anim Sci. 2011;56(3):136-49.
[31] Savić N, Rašković B, Marković Z, Poleksić V. Intestinal histology and enterocytes height variation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) grown in cages: effects of environmental conditions. Biotechnol Anim Husb. 2012;28(2):323-32.
[32] Specian RD, Oliver MG. Functional biology of intestinal goblet cells. Am J Physiol. 1991;260(2 Pt 1):C183-93.
[33] Kamali Sangani A, Masoudi AA, Hosseini SA, The effects of herbal plants on Mucin 2 gene expression and performance in ascetic broilers. Iran J Vet Med. 2014;8(1):47-52.
[34] Wlodarska M, Willing BP, Bravo DM, Finlay BB. Phytonutrient diet supplementation promotes beneficial Clostridia species and intestinal mucus secretion resulting in protection against enteric infection. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9253.
[35] Zahran E, Risha E, Abdelhamid F, Mahgoub HA, Ibrahim T. Effects of dietary Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on growth performance, immunological parameters, digestive enzymes, and intestinal morphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014;38(1):149-57.
[36] Dimitroglou A, Merrifield DL, Spring P, Sweetman J, Moate R, Davies SJ. Effects of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilisation, intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture. 2010;300(1-4):182-88.
[37] Cerezuela R, Fumanal M, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Meseguer J, Moriñigo ΆM, Esteban MA. Histological alterations and microbial ecology of the intestine in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) fed dietary probiotics and microalgae. Cell Tissue Res. 2012;350(3):477-89.
[2] Jobling M. Fish nutrition research: past, present and future. Aquacult Int. 2016;24(3):767-86.
[3] Citarasu T, Herbal biomedicines: a new opportunity for aquaculture industry. Aquacult Int. 2010;18(3):403-14.
[4] Chakraborty SB, Horn P, Hancz C. Application of phytochemicals as growth-promoters and endocrine modulators in fish culture. Rev Aquacult. 2014;6(1):1-19.
[5] Talpur AD. Mentha piperita (Peppermint) as feed additive enhanced growth performance, survival, immune response and disease resistance of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch) against Vibrio harveyi infection. Aquaculture. 2014;420-421:71-8.
[6] Brum A, Pereira SA, Owatari MS, Chagas EC, Chaves FCM, Mouriño JLP, Martins ML. Effect of dietary essential oils of clove basil and ginger on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae. Aquaculture. 2017;468:235-43.
[7] Mahmoud HK, Al-Sagheer AA, Reda FM, Mahgoub SA, Ayyat MS. Dietary curcumin supplement influence on growth, immunity, antioxidant status, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture. 2017;475:16-23.
[8] Do QD, Angkawijaya AE, Tran-Nguyen PL, Huynh LH, Soetaredjo FE, Ismadji S, Ju YH. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. J Food Drug Anal. 2014;22(3):296-302.
[9] Kukongviriyapan U, Luangaram S, Leekhaosoong K, Kukongviriyapan V, Preeprame S. Antioxidant and vascular protective activities of Cratoxylum formosum, Syzygium gratum and Limnophila aromatica. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007;30(4):661-6.
[10] Sribusarakum A, Bunyapraphatsara N, Vajragupta O, Watanabe H. Antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica Merr. Thai J Phytopharm. 2004;11(2):11-7.
[11] Chowdhurya JU, Bhuiyanb MNL, Begumb J. Constituents of volatile oils from Limnophila aromatica and Adenosma capitatum. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res. 2011;46(3):385-8.
[12] Nanasombat S, Teckchuen N. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Thai local vegetables. J Med Plants Res. 2009;3(5):443-9.
[13] Bui ML, Grayer RJ, Veitch NC, Kite GC, Tran H, Nguyen Q-CK. Uncommon 8-oxygenated flavonoids from Limnophila aromatica (Scrophulariaceae). Biochem Syst Ecol. 2004;32(10):943-7.
[14] Munglue P. Effects of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) stamen extract on growth performance, feed utilization and intestinal morphology of catfish (Clarias gariepinus). KKU Res J. 2016;21(2):7-17.
[15] Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Official methods of analysis of official analytical chemists international. 19th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Maryland, USA; 2012.
[16] Escaffre A-M, Kaushik S, Mambrini M. Morphometric evaluation of changes in the digestive tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) due to fish meal replacement with soy protein concentrate. Aquaculture. 2007;273(1):127-38.
[17] Ferrara E, Gustinelli A, Fioravanti ML, Restucci R, Quaglio F, Marono S, Piccolo G. Histological and micro-/macro-morphological evaluation of intestine in sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) fed soybean meal-based diets added with MOS and inulin as prebiotics. Aquacult Int. 2015;23(6):1525-37.
[18] Jiang J, Wu X-Y, Zhou X-Q, Feng L, Liu Y, Jiang W-D, Wu P, Zhao Y. Effects of dietary curcumin supplementation on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activities and antioxidant capacity of crucian carp Carassius auratus. Aquaculture. 2016;463(1):174-80.
[19] El-Dakar AY, Shalaby SM, Nemetallah BR, Saleh NE, Sakr EM, Toutou MM. Possibility of using basil (Ocimum basilicum) supplementation in Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) diet. Egypt J Aquat Res. 2015;41(2):203-10.
[20] Turan F, Akyurt I. Effects of red clover extract on growth performance and body composition of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fisheries Sci. 2015;71(3):618-20.
[21] Acar Ü, Kesbiç OS, Yılmaz S, Gültepe N, Türker A. Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. Aquaculture. 2015;437:282-6.
[22] Glencross B, Evans D, Hawkins W, Jones B. Evaluation of dietary inclusion of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) kernel meal on the growth, feed utilisation and tissue histology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture. 2004;235(1-4):411-22.
[23] Fang C, Ma M, Ji H, Ren T, Mims SD. Alterations of digestive enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and microbiota in juvenile paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, fed dietary probiotics. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2015;41(1):91-105.
[24] Merrifield DL, Harper GM, Mustafa S, Carnevali O, Picchietti S, Davies SJ. Effect of dietary alginic acid on juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestinal microbial balance, intestinal histology and growth performance. Cell Tissue Res. 2011;344(1):135-46.
[25] Haibin H, Yanjiao Z, Kangsen M, Qinghui A, Wei X, Wenbing Z, Yanxian L, Jintao L. Effects of dietary stachyose on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L). J Ocean Univ China. 2015;14(5):905-12.
[26] Kamatit W, Aoki S, Munglue P. Effects of dietary waterlily (Nymphaea pubescens) stamen extract on growth performance and intestinal morphology of common lowland frog (Rana rugulosa). KKU Res J. 2016;21(2):30-41.
[27] Azizia AE, Awadin WF, Abdelkhalek NKM, Elseady YY. Effects of dietary substitution of cod liver oil by vegetable oils on fatty acid composition in liver and muscles, lipoprotein lipase gene expression and intestinal histomorphology in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Vet Sci Med Diagn. 2014;4:2.
[28] Ostaszewska T, Korwin-Kossakowski M, Wolnicki J. Morphological changes of digestive structures in starved tench Tinca tinca (L.) juveniles. Aquacult Int. 2006;14(1):113-26.
[29] Poleksić V, Stanković M, Marković Z, Relić R, Lakić N, Dulić Z, Rašković B. Morphological and physiological evaluation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) fed extruded compound feeds containing different fat levels. Aquacult Int. 2014;22(1):289-98.
[30] Kowalska A, Zakęś Z, Jankowska B, Demska-Zakęś K. Effect of different dietary lipid levels on growth performance, slaughter yield, chemical composition, and histology of liver and intestine of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca. Czech J Anim Sci. 2011;56(3):136-49.
[31] Savić N, Rašković B, Marković Z, Poleksić V. Intestinal histology and enterocytes height variation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) grown in cages: effects of environmental conditions. Biotechnol Anim Husb. 2012;28(2):323-32.
[32] Specian RD, Oliver MG. Functional biology of intestinal goblet cells. Am J Physiol. 1991;260(2 Pt 1):C183-93.
[33] Kamali Sangani A, Masoudi AA, Hosseini SA, The effects of herbal plants on Mucin 2 gene expression and performance in ascetic broilers. Iran J Vet Med. 2014;8(1):47-52.
[34] Wlodarska M, Willing BP, Bravo DM, Finlay BB. Phytonutrient diet supplementation promotes beneficial Clostridia species and intestinal mucus secretion resulting in protection against enteric infection. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9253.
[35] Zahran E, Risha E, Abdelhamid F, Mahgoub HA, Ibrahim T. Effects of dietary Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on growth performance, immunological parameters, digestive enzymes, and intestinal morphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014;38(1):149-57.
[36] Dimitroglou A, Merrifield DL, Spring P, Sweetman J, Moate R, Davies SJ. Effects of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilisation, intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture. 2010;300(1-4):182-88.
[37] Cerezuela R, Fumanal M, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Meseguer J, Moriñigo ΆM, Esteban MA. Histological alterations and microbial ecology of the intestine in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) fed dietary probiotics and microalgae. Cell Tissue Res. 2012;350(3):477-89.