Evaluation on the bean qualities of cocoa clones after propagated from somatic embryogenesis culture
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Abstract
A series of field experiments were conducted to assess the bean qualities of elite cocoa clones (KKM4, KKM22, MCBC1 and PBC230) after regenerated via somatic embryogenesis culture and grafting. The bean of all clones was morphologically and physically evaluated before quantified for the physiochemical changes after fermentation and drying processes. No abnormalities found in the morphological characteristics of beans for all treatments. However, KKM4 clone of immature zygotic embryo culture yielded distinctly difference lightest individual seed fresh weight (4.13 g), shortest seed length (21.2 mm) and seed width (11.5 mm) compared with those from the staminode culture and grafting. KKM4 clone of immature zygotic embryo culture also observed with the lowest moisture content (6.36%) and cut test score (674.4) of beans after fermentation and drying processes. From this study, some clone such as KKM4 exhibited variation after propagated from different type of explants during somatic embryogenesis culture. Nevertheless, the bean cut test score which fall within the standard range validated that the bean quality is not affected after the somatic embryogenesis culture process.
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