Cytotoxicity and anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 activity of Kaempferia parviflora extract
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Published:
Nov 24, 2021
Keywords:
Anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 Cytotoxicity Flavonoid contents Kaempferia parviflora Phylogenetic identification Total polyphenol contents
Main Article Content
Abstract
Kaempferia parviflora is a medicinal plant in the family Zingibeaceae. Phytochemicals of K. parviflora have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-viral activities. Here, the anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 (anti-HSV-1) activity of K. parviflora extracts was determined in an in vitro model. The plant extracts were prepared from dried rhizomes using different extraction solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and hexane. For phylogenetic identification of K. parviflora nucleotide sequence analysis of K. parviflora showed 99.82% and 99.45% homology with reference sequences of K. parviflora in the GenBank database for trnL intron and trnL-F intergenic spacer, respectively. For phytochemical analysis, the hexane extract of K. parviflora revealed the highest amount of total polyphenols (153.39 μg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract). The methanolic extract contained the highest flavonoid contents at 176.81 μg of auercintin (QE)/g extract. The cytotoxicities of the K. parviflora extracts were determined using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 duphynyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The methanolic extract showed low toxicity in the mouse fibroblast L929 cell line, with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of 25.27 ± 2.54 μg/mL. In addition, the hexane extract showed the lowest cytotoxic effect in Vero cells with a CC50 value of 41.77 ± 5.62 µg/mL. Regarding the anti-HSV-1 activity of K. parviflora extract, the ethanolic extract had the highest percentage of inhibition (52.57%) after 72 h of treatment at a concentration of 6.0 µg/mL; the 50% effective concentration (EC50) value and TI value of the ethanolic extract were 4.49 ± 1.00 and 6.59, respectively.
Article Details
How to Cite
Klinjan, P. ., Mungkornasawakul, P. ., Tragoolpua, Y. ., & Sangthong, P. . (2021). Cytotoxicity and anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 activity of Kaempferia parviflora extract. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 26(03), APST–26. https://doi.org/10.14456/apst.2021.60
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Research Articles
References
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[29] Vitalone A, Sotto AD, Mammola CL, Heyn R, Miglietta S, Mariani P, et al. Phytochemical analysis and effects on ingestive behaviour of a Caralluma fimbriata extract. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;108: 63-73.
[30] Wilfinger WW, Mackey K, Chomczynski P. Effect of pH and ionic strength on the spectrophotometric assessment of nucleic acid purity. Biotechniques. 1997;22:474-481.
[31] Nanasombat S, Bubpasawan T, Tamaput N, Srimakhan Y. Antimicrobial activity of Thai medicinal plants against beverage spoilage microorganisms and their potential in retarding Alzheimer’s disease progression. Phcog Commn. 2014;4:77-87.
[32] Zhong MG, Xiang YF, Qiu XX, Liu Z, Kitazato K, Wang YF. Natural products as a source of anti-herpes simplex virus agents. RSC Adv. 2012;3:313-328.
[33] Tewtrakul S, Yuenyongsawad S, Kummee S, Atsawajaruwan L. Chemical components and biological activities of volatile oil of Kaempferia galanga Linn. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 2005;27:503-507.
[34] Tapas AR, Sakarkar DM, Kakde RB. Flavonoids as nutraceuticals: a review. Trop J Pharm Res. 2008;7:1089-1099.
[35] Cushnie TT, Lamb AJ. Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005;26:343-356.
[36] Kamboj A, Saluja AK, Kumar M, Atri P. Antiviral activity of plant polyphenols. J Pharm Res. 2012;5:2402-2412.
[37] Pripdeevech P, Pitija K, Rujjanawate C, Pojanagaroon S, Kittakoop P, Wongpornchai S. Adaptogenic- active components from Kampferis parviflora rhizomes. Food Chem. 2021;132:1150-1155.
[2] Zhou ZH, Chen DH, Jakana J, Rixon FJ, Chiu W. Visualization of tegument-capsid interactions and DNA in intact herpes simplex virus type 1 virions. J Virol. 1999;73:3210-3218.
[3] Nikomtat J, Thongwai N, Lumyong S, Tragoolpua Y. Anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 of Drymaria diandra blume medicinal plant. Chiang Mai J Sci. 2011;38:439-452.
[4] Mustafa M, Illzam EM, Muniandy R, Sharifah A, Nang M, Ramesh B. Herpes simplex virus infections, pathophysiology and management. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2016;15:85-91.
[5] Bello-Morales R, Andreu S, López-Guerrero JA. The role of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in demyelination of the central nervous system. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:1-19.
[6] Takeuchi H, Baba M, Shigeta S. An application of tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay for the screening of anti-herpes simplex virus compounds. J Virol Methods. 1991;33:61-71.
[7] Morfin F, Thouvenot D. Herpes simplex virus resistance to antiviral drugs. J ClinVirol. 2003;26:29-37.
[8] Hassan ST, Masarčíková R, Berchová K. Bioactive natural products with anti‐herpes simplex virus properties. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2015;67:1325-1336.
[9] Musarra-Pizzo M, Pennisi R, Ben-Amor I, Smeriglio A, Mandalari G, Sciortino MT. In vitro anti-HSV-1 activity of polyphenol-rich extracts and pure polyphenol compounds derived from pistachios kernels (Pistacia vera L.). Plants. 2020;9:1-11.
[10] Yoosook C, Bunyapraphatsara N, Boonyakiat Y, Kantasuk C. Anti-herpes simplex virus activities of crude water extracts of Thai medicinal plants. Phytomedicine. 2000;6:411-419.
[11] Yang CM, Cheng HY, Lin TC, Chiang LC, Lin CC. Acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of Phyllanthus urinaria inhibit HSV-2 infection in vitro. Antivir Res. 2005;67:24-30.
[12] Sotto AD, Vecchiato M, Abete L, Toniolo C, Giusti AM, Mannina L, Giacomo SD. Capsicum annuum L. var. cornetto di pontecorvo PDO: polyphenolic profile and in vitro biological activities. J Funct Foods. 2018;40:679-691.
[13] Thongchuai B, Trisuwan K, Roytrakul S, Tragoolpua Y, Sangthong P. Anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 activity from Rhinacanthus nasutus (Linn.) Kurz. extracts as affected by different extraction solvents. Chiang Mai Univ J Nat Sci. 2019;18:14-26.
[14] Rao V, Nageswara HK, Kaladar DKK. Biochemical and phytochemical analysis of the medicinal plant, Kaempferia galangal rhizome extracts. Middle East J Sci Res. 2014;3:2277-8179.
[15] Singh CB, Chanu SB, Bidyababy T, Devi WR, Singh SB, Nongalleima K, et al. Biological and chemical properties of Kaempferia galanga L.-a Zingiberaceae plant. NeBio. 2013;4:35-41.
[16] Saokaew S, Wilairat P, Raktanyakan P, Dilokthornsakul P, Dhippayom T, Kongkaew C, et al. Clinical effects of Krachaidum (Kaempferia parviflora): a systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;22:413-428.
[17] Jin S, Lee MY. Kaempferia parviflora extract as a potential anti-acne agent with anti-inflammatory, sebostatic and anti-propionibacterium acnes activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19:1-14.
[18] Umar MI, Asmawi MZB, Sadikun A, Altaf R, Iqbal MA. Phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae) extracts. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011;5:1638-1647.
[19] Potikanond S, Sookkhee S, Takuathung MN, Mungkornasawakul P, Wikan N, Smith DR, Nimlamool W. Kaempferia parviflora extract exhibits anti-cancer activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:630.
[20] Sornpet B, Potha T, Tragoolpua Y, Pringproa K. Antiviral activity of five Asian medicinal plant crude extracts against highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017;10:871-876.
[21] Rahman ZA, Shukor SA, Abbas H, Machap CA, Alias MSB, Mirad R, Othman AN. Optimization of extraction conditions for total phenolics and total flavonoids from Kaempferia parviflora rhizomes. Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2018;9:205-214.
[22] Saensouk S, Larsen K. Boesenbergia baimaii, a new species of Zingiberaceae from Thailand. Nord J Bot. 2001;21:595-598.
[23] Chuakul W, Boonpleng A. Ethnomedical uses of Thai Zingiberaceous plant. Thai J Phytopharm. 2003;10:25-32.
[24] Tsai LC, Yu YC, Hsieh HM, Wang JC, Linacre A, Lee JCI. Species identification using sequences of the trnL intron and the trnL-trnF IGS of chloroplast genome among popular plants in Taiwan. Forensic Sci. Int. 2006;164:93-200.
[25] Techaprasan J, Klinbunga S, Ngamriabsakul C, Jenjittikul T. Genetic variation of Kaempferia (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand based on chloroplast DNA (psbA-trnH and petA-psbJ) sequences. Genet Mol Res. 2010;9:1957-1973.
[26] Yang Z, Zhao T, Ma Q, Liang L, Wang G. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis revealed the chloroplast genome variation and interspecific relationships of Corylus (Betulaceae) species. Front Plant Sci. 2018;9:1-13.
[27] Takeuchi H, Baba M, Shigeta S. An application of tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay for the screening of anti-herpes simplex virus compounds. J Virol Methods. 1991;33:61-71.
[28] Taberlet P, Gielly L, Pautou G, Bouvet J. Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Plant Mol Biol. 1991;17:1105-1109.
[29] Vitalone A, Sotto AD, Mammola CL, Heyn R, Miglietta S, Mariani P, et al. Phytochemical analysis and effects on ingestive behaviour of a Caralluma fimbriata extract. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;108: 63-73.
[30] Wilfinger WW, Mackey K, Chomczynski P. Effect of pH and ionic strength on the spectrophotometric assessment of nucleic acid purity. Biotechniques. 1997;22:474-481.
[31] Nanasombat S, Bubpasawan T, Tamaput N, Srimakhan Y. Antimicrobial activity of Thai medicinal plants against beverage spoilage microorganisms and their potential in retarding Alzheimer’s disease progression. Phcog Commn. 2014;4:77-87.
[32] Zhong MG, Xiang YF, Qiu XX, Liu Z, Kitazato K, Wang YF. Natural products as a source of anti-herpes simplex virus agents. RSC Adv. 2012;3:313-328.
[33] Tewtrakul S, Yuenyongsawad S, Kummee S, Atsawajaruwan L. Chemical components and biological activities of volatile oil of Kaempferia galanga Linn. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 2005;27:503-507.
[34] Tapas AR, Sakarkar DM, Kakde RB. Flavonoids as nutraceuticals: a review. Trop J Pharm Res. 2008;7:1089-1099.
[35] Cushnie TT, Lamb AJ. Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005;26:343-356.
[36] Kamboj A, Saluja AK, Kumar M, Atri P. Antiviral activity of plant polyphenols. J Pharm Res. 2012;5:2402-2412.
[37] Pripdeevech P, Pitija K, Rujjanawate C, Pojanagaroon S, Kittakoop P, Wongpornchai S. Adaptogenic- active components from Kampferis parviflora rhizomes. Food Chem. 2021;132:1150-1155.