Application of metal-tolerant bacteria isolated from aquaculture pond wastewater in the bioremediation of metal-containing effluent
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Abstract
The use of heavy metal tolerant bacteria for treatment of heavy metal wastes mostly from anthropogenic sources have gained prominence in recent years due to their efficiency and cheapness. This study was designed to investigate the ability of metal tolerating bacteria isolated from fish-pond wastewater to bioremediate paint manufacturing effluent. The physicochemical parameters of the fish pond wastewater, the metal concentration of both fish pond and paint-manufacturing were determined. Molecular characterization of the metal-tolerating bacteria was done by 16S rRNA sequencing. Single and consortium cultures of the metal-tolerating bacteria were used in the bioremediation setup for a period of 96 h. Three bacteria strains identified as Bacillus thuringiensis FPCO2 (BT), Serratia liquefaciens FPCO4 (SL) and Bacillus anthracis FPZN2 (BA), with minimum inhibitory concentration of ≥1000 µg/mL for all the tested metals were selected from the pool of isolates obtained and used for the bioremediation set-up. The metal removal rate significantly increased with time (p<0.05) with the consortium generally exhibiting higher metal removal than the single culture. The highest reduction for Cu (81%) was observed after treatment with BA+BT, while the highest reduction in the concentration of Fe (78%), Pb (84%) and Cr (75%) was observed in treatment with the consortium (BA+ SL + BT). Also, the highest reduction in Zn (97%) was recorded after treatment with BA+BT. The three metal-tolerant isolates obtained in this study have shown potential for the remediation of metal-containing wastewater with capacity to reduce the ecotoxicity of the effluent if released into the environment.
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