Performance of SWAT hydrological model of partially-gauged Nambul River urbanized catchment in Manipur IHR, India
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Abstract
Hydrological modelling of partially-gauged and ungauged catchments is vital for the better development of land and water management policies. The Nambul river catchment in Manipur, is partially gauged, so observed data is scarce. The objective of the study is to calibrate and validate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model using remotely sensed surface soil moisture along with available streamflow data to improve the model's performance in simulating the hydrological functions as surface runoff, sediment yield, evapotranspiration, etc for a partially-gauged urbanized river catchment which is under stress. Using the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting, version 2 (SUFI-2) program built-in to SWAT-CUP, SWAT model was calibrated and validated on a monthly basis. Streamflow calibration is carried out with available measured data for the years 2000-2002 and validation for the year 2003. The soil moisture calibration period (2001-2011) and validation period (2012-2020) are also carried out sequentially. SWAT model calibration and validation using streamflow and surface soil moisture (ECMWF) showed good model performance with NSE of 0.65, 0.69, and 0.67, 0.71, and R2 of 0.71, 0.74, and 0.70, 0.71, respectively. This study shows that remotely sensed satellite data can be used as one of the parameters and as an alternative to observed data for calibration and validation of the SWAT model of the Nambul river catchment. Further study, assessment, and management of the catchment can be aided by the study's contribution to hydrological modeling of ungauged or partially-gauged catchments where there is a scarcity of lack of routine observed hydrologic data.
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