Biological properties and active components of Ocimum
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Abstract
Ocimum sanctum Linn. and Ocimum gratissimum Linn. have been used for traditional and ayurvedic purposes for centuries. These aromatic plants have also been recognized as having potential medicinal properties and studied for their anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. The aims of this study were to prepare ethanol extracts from the leaves of O. sanctum and O. gratissimum and characterize the bioactive components and to determine their cytotoxic effects of on L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Fresh leaves of the plants were macerated and the extracts were obtained using 95% ethanol. Fourier transmission infra-red spectrum of both herbal extracts were analyzed to identify the functional groups. The intensity peaks were indicative of aliphatic primary amines, aromatic compounds, alkanes, and alkyl halides. Murine fibroblast cells were then treated with 9 different extract concentrations ranging from 60 mg/mL to 0.23 mg/mL, following two-fold dilution. Cell viability was examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for both plant extracts using ISO 10993-5. The results showed that 95% ethanol extracts of Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum gratissimum at the concentrations of ≤0.46 mg/mL had no toxic effects on L929 cell lines.
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