Re-emergence of dengue virus serotype 3: A laboratory perspective from the private healthcare centre, Malaysia
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Abstract
Dengue has been raised in recurring cyclical patterns of outbreaks. We determined the predominant circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes from selected urban areas in Malaysia. A total of 1177 laboratory tests for multiplex Real-Time Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and socio-demographic details from suspected dengue cases from KPJ hospitals in Klang Valley, Malaysia, between 2017 to 2020 were reviewed. The odds ratio and Pearson Chi-square test were performed. Only 205 (17.4%) were confirmed as dengue and observed frequently among males. The young adult was most infected (n = 115/205; 56.1%). The majority of the cases were recorded in Shah Alam (n = 184/205). The population in Selangor had a higher risk (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 0.7958, 2.0896) of contracting dengue. The predominant serotype was DENV-3 (n = 83) followed by DENV-2 (n = 65). There were three co-infections with different DENV serotypes detected [(DENV-2 and DENV-3: n = 2) (DENV-1 and DENV-3: n = 1)]. The DENV-3 was predominant throughout the years except in April, October, and November. The DENV-3 had 13 time-points of frequent seasonality in November and December 2017, March, June and July 2018, January, February, May to July and December 2020. It was evident that DENV-3 was the prevalent DENV serotype and was circulating for four years. The switching of predominant circulating serotypes from DENV-2 to DENV-3 provides substantial benchmark on the development of early warning system and prediction of future dengue epidemics in Malaysia, hence preparedness plans and multilayer interventional strategies can be executed.
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