Investigation of mangosteen 1H-NMR relaxation properties aims for detection of translucent flesh disorder
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Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation properties of four separate mangosteen tissues—normal flesh, translucent flesh, pericarp, and seed—were investigated to assess the potential application of NMR relaxometry in detecting translucent flesh disorder. Longitudinal and transverse relaxation signals from each tissue type of the tested mangosteens were collected using the inversion recovery (IR) and Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (CPMG) pulse sequences, respectively. Longitudinal relaxation time constant (T1) spectra and transverse relaxation time constant (T2) spectra of the four tissues were obtained using the free inverse Laplace transform software CONTIN. Analysis of the T1 vs. T2 distribution of the major peaks of the spectra revealed that the clusters of the normal flesh and translucent flesh were isolated, whereas the clusters of seed and pericarp tissue mostly overlapped. Clusters of normal and translucent flesh were distinguished via T2 relaxation time at approximately 0.66 s at 21 MHz. Moreover, the NMR signal intensities of seed and pericarp were significantly lower than those of normal and translucent flesh. This technique may be usefully applied in detection of translucent flesh. However, detection of translucent flesh via T2 relaxation time should be further verified in intact mangosteens before the approach sees practical application.
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