Phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activities of Capparis monantha, Jacobs extracts
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Abstract
Capparis monantha Jacobs is a medicinal plant that is found on the coast of Thailand. These herbal medicines are used by the local people to cure hemorrhoids and as an anticancer treatment. The goal of the current examination was to analyze the phytochemical constituents, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total alkaloid contents, antioxidant activities, and anticancer properties against three cancer cell lines (KB cell line, MCF-7 cell line, and small NCI-H187 cell line) in the stem of C. monantha Jacobs. The C. monantha Jacob’s powder was extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, and methanol, by using a maceration method. The increasing polarity of the organic solvent was used to fractionate the extracted residue. The qualitative phytochemical screening reveals all extracts containing tannin and phenolic, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and alkaloid. The total phenolic was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The highest total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total alkaloid contents were found in acetone extract (447.3 mg GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent)/g extract), hexane extract (579.2 mg QE (Quercetin Equivalents)/g extract), and methanol extracts (13.80 mg AE (Aescin Equivalents)/g extract), respectively. The antioxidant activity is high in acetone extract. Cytotoxicity measured by Resazurin microplate assay of all extract fraction at 50 mg/mL against three cancer cell lines (KB cell line, MCF-7 cell line, and NCI-H187 cell line) were found to less than 50% inhibited cancer growth. According to the literature, it is most likely that this is the first report on phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid contents, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activities of C. monantha Jacobs.
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