Adsorption of Thioflavin T by nitrilotriacetic acid-modified activated carbon from water olive seeds
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Abstract
The adsorption of Thioflavin T (TT) dye from a solution was investigated using activated carbon (AC) made from water olive seeds and modified using nitrilotriacetic acid. The research was divided into three parts. Firstly, the specific surface area, average pore size, and total pore volume were calculated using the N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The surface functional groups, surface morphology, and element content were characterized using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer and a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope. Secondly, influencing factors such as the initial pH solution, contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature on the adsorption were investigated. The highest dye uptake of 43.09 mg/g was observed for the AC at the initial pH of 10.0, with a contact time of 240 min, an initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L and a temperature of 60°C. The dye uptake of the modified activated carbon (MAC) was 24.2 percent lower than that of the AC due to an increase in the surface charge density. Finally, the adsorption modeling was investigated. The experimental data followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model and Langmuir as well as Temkin isotherms. Although the modification of the AC using nitrilotriacetic acid reduces TT uptake, it increases the specific surface area of the MAC, which may increase sorption with regard to other pollutants.
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