Organic fertilizers supplemented with rhizobacteria for promoting the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Abstract
The effects of organic fertilizer supplemented with halotolerant rhizobacteria on rice growth were investigated. Immobilization of halotolerant rhizobacteria on various carriers was performed. The results showed that filter cake was the best carrier supporting microbial cell survival of 109 colony-forming unit per gram (CFU/g). The amounts of nutrients were not different during composting except for phosphorus levels which increased from 0.8-1.13% to 2.17-3.23% at the maturation phase. The germination index of rice seeds in the presence of extracts from the three compost formulas was greater than 80%, indicating the maturity of this compost. The results from pot experiments showed that organic fertilizers supplemented with the mixture of three isolates of halotolerant rhizobacteria formulation 1 (FC), a combination of filter cake and spent wash, and formulation 3 (FC+B), filter cake, spent wash and bagasse supplemented with chemical fertilizer, best promoted the highest plant growth parameters. Three halotolerant rhizobacteria, namely Pseudomonas azotoformans I2.1 Enterobacter aerogenes P8 and Bacillus tequilensis N15 were successfully used in combination with the inoculants to supplement an organic fertilizer. They could potentially promote the germination of rice seeds and the growth of rice plants in pot experiments.
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