Optimization of fucoidan extraction from brown algae (Sargassum swartzii) using response surface methodology and assessment of its antioxidant activity
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Abstract
Fucoidan is among the sulfated polysaccharides that originate from the cell walls of brown algae. It is recognized as the most vital factor in pharmaceuticals and food due to its many beneficial properties, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. Applying modern extraction techniques and optimizing extraction conditions have recently received special attention in order to achieve high extraction efficiency while being environmentally and health-friendly. This study used the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the extraction conditions of fucoidan from the brown algae Sargassum swartzii collected from Nam Du archipelago with the support of ultrasound. The effects of various temperatures, including 60°C, 70°C, 80°C (A), and duration of time 30, 45, 60 min (B) were studied through the central composite design model. The antioxidant activity of fucoidan extracted under optimal conditions was also investigated. The tests revealed that the optimal conditions for fucoidan extraction were at 75°C for 50 min, corresponding to the extraction efficiency (crude fucoidan content) of 2.59%; the sulfate and total polyphenol contents were 29.11% and 1.87%, respectively. The analysis of the structural characteristics of fucoidan was taken using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In addition, fucoidan from Sargassum swartzii exhibited biological activity in antioxidant properties, DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging efficiency of 51.04% at 1.250 mg/mL and 72.47% at 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. These findings can be applied to improve the field of pharmaceuticals and functional food.
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