Improvement of Eri Silkworm (Samia ricini D.) tolerant to high temperature and low humidity conditions by continuously regime
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Published:
Jun 1, 2015
Keywords:
eri silkworm tolerance high temperature low humidity Samia ricini
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Abstract
Improvement of eri silkworm tolerant to high temperature condition was carried out by selection and continuous rearing (1 – 12 generation) under high temperature (42±1 °C) and low relative humidity (50±5%R.H.). The eri silkworm rearing at a normal temperature (25±2 °C; 80±5%R.H.) served as control treatment. The result revealed that eri silkworm was continuously tolerant to high temperature of 42±1˚C with low relative humidity (50±5%R.H.) up to 12 generations. Among treated generations with high temperature, the silkworm survived from larva stage (1st – 5th instar) to adult in all generations ranking 16.67 – 54.17%. Between F12 and F1, survival rate of larva – adult stage of F12 was 43.33% less than F1 (54.17%), but not significantly different (P<0.05). For cocoon yields, fresh cocoon weight, pupa weight and cocoon shell weight of F12 were lower than F1. Shell ratio of F12 (11.84%), total cocoon shell weight (5.72g) and fresh cocoon/10,000 larvae (9.39 kg) were not significantly different to F1(11.61 %, 5.72 g and 10.55 kg, respectively). It was clearly, if the egg yields were considered, egg laying/moth, hatchability, total egg laying and total hatchability increased from F1 to F12. The result indicates that the thermotolerant property of eri silkworm SaKKU1 is heritable by high temperature up to F12. This study is a first report on continuously heat tolerant improvement of eri silkworm in Thailand and elsewhere.
Article Details
How to Cite
Wongsorn, D., Sirimungkararat, S., & Saksirirat, W. (2015). Improvement of Eri Silkworm (Samia ricini D.) tolerant to high temperature and low humidity conditions by continuously regime. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 20(2), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.14456/kkurj.2015.15
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Research Articles
References
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[20] He Y, Oshiki T. Study on cross breeding of a robust silkworm race in low latitude are in China. J. Seri. Sci. Jpn. 1984;54: 320-324.
[21] Shirota T. Selection of healthy silkworm strain through high temperature rearing of fifth instar larvae. Reports of the Silk Science Research Institute. 1992;40: 33-40.
[22] Tazima Y, Ohnuma A. Preliminary experiments on the breeding procedure for synthesizing a high temperature resistant commercial strain of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Silk Science Research Institute Japan. 1995;43: 1-16.
[23] Sirmungkararat S, Urairong H, Wongsorn D, Saksirirat W. Searching of microsatellite primers for diversity study of eri silkworm. The Conference of the Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives; 2013 June 25-27, Amari Don Muang Airport, Bangkok, Thailand. 2013b. Thai.
[24] Willmer CW, Stone G, Johnston I. Environmental physiology of animal. Blackwell Science: Oxford; 2004.
[25] Rahmathulla VK. Management of climatic factors for successful silkworm [Bombyx mori L.) crop and higher silk production: a review. Psyche. 2012;121234: 1-12.
[26] Hussian M, Khan SA, Naeem M, Aqil T, Khursheed R, Mohsin AU. Evaluation of silkworm lines against variations in temperature and R.H. for various parameters of commercial cocoon production. Psyche. 2011;145640: 1-11.
[27] Suresh Kumar N, Yamamota T, Basavaraja HK, Datta RK. Studies on the effect of high temperature on F1 hybrids between polyvoltine and bivoltine silkworm races of Bombyx mori L. International Journal of Entomology. 2001;2: 123-127.
[2] Akai H. Development and contri-bution of international society for wild silkmoths. International Journal of Wild Silkmoth & Silk. 2002;7: 1-10.
[3] Sirimungkararat S, Nuchadomrong S, Saksirirat W, Nopparat T. By-product of eri silkworm rearing as preliminary cosmetic product development. 6th International Conference on Wild Silkmoths; 2010 Sep 21-23, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan. 2010.
[4] Sirimungkararat S. Eri silkworm products and current status of wild silkmoths in Thailand. The 7thInternational Conference on Wild Silkmoth and Silk “Southeast Asian Silk”; 2012 Nov 22-24, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand. 2012.
[5] Kumari SS, Subbrarao SV, Misra S, Murty US. Screening strains of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori, for thermotolerance. Journal of Insect Science. 2011;11(116): 1-14.
[6] Singh NS, Saratchandra B. Eri culture. A P H Publishing Corporation: New Delhi; 2012.
[7] Sahu M, Bhuyan N, Das PK. Eri silkworm, Samia ricini(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Donovan, seed production during summer in Assam. Proceeding of Regional Seminar on Prospects and Problems of Sericulture as an Economic Enterprise in North West India; 2006 Nov 11-12; RSRS, Dehradune, India. 2006.
[8] Sirimungkararat S. Innovation on eri silk products for the community and economics in Thailand. International Seminar Cum Business Matching on Mekong Silk Road; 2013 Nov 27–28; Rachawadee Resort Hotel, Khon Kaen, Thailand. 2013.
[9] Sirimungkararat S, Maskhao S,Wongsorn D, Saksirirat W. Effects of high temperature and relative humidity on growths and yields of eri silkworm (Samia ricini D.). National Conference on Sericul-ture; 2013 June 25-27; Amari Don Muang Airport, Bangkok, Thailand.; 2013a. Thai.
[10] Wongsorn D, Sirimungkararat S, Urairong H, Saksirirat W, Choo-prayoon S. Selection of eri silk-worm (Samia ricini D.) tolerant ecorace to high temperature. The Conference of the Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives; 2014 April 2-4, Asia Airport Hotel, Pathum Thani, Thailand. 2014. Thai.
[11] Wongsorn D, Sirimungkararat S, Saksirirat W. Improvement of eri silkworm (Samia ricini D.) tolerant to high temperature and low humidity conditions by discontinu-ous regime. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology. 2015;4 Jul.-Aug.
[12] Wongsorn D, Sirimungkararat S, Saksirirat W. Screening of eri silk-worm ecoraces towards variety improvement. Khon Kaen Agricul-ture Journal. 2013;41(Special Issue): 192-198. Thai.
[13] Suresh Kumar N, Basavaraja HK, Kumar CMK, Reddy NM, Datta RK. On the breeding of CSR18xCSR19-a robust bivoltine hybrid of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. for the tropics. International Journal of Industrial Entomology. 2002;5(2): 153-162.
[14] Rao PS, Nayaka ARN, Mamatha MT, Sowmyashree S, Bashai I, Ilahi I. Development of new robust bivoltine silkworm hybrid SR2x-SR5 for rearing throughout the year. International Journal of Industrial Entomology. 2007;14(2): 93-97.
[15] Singh H, Kumar NS. On the breeding of bivoltine breeds of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera : Bombycidae), tolerant to high temperature and high humidity conditions of the tropics. Psyche. 2010a;(892452): 1-15.
[16] Singh H, Kumar NS. On the breeding of bivoltine double hybrid of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera : Bombycidae), tolerant to high temperature and low humidity conditions of the tropics. African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences. 2010b;2(3-4): 71-80.
[17] Sirimungkararat S, Atthathom T, Saksirirat W. Development of eri-silkworm rearing technique using cassava leaf as food plant and its textile production. Proceedings of the XIXth Congress of the International Sericultural Commis-sion; 2002 Sep 21-25, Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, Bangkok, Thailand. 2002.
[18] Toyama K. Studies on hybridology of insects. I. On some silkworm crosses, with special reference to Mendel’s law of heredity. Bull. Tokyo Imp. Univ. College of Agriculture. 1906;7: 259-293.
[19] Kumar NS, Reddy SG. Evaluation and selection of potential parents for silkworm breeding. In: Reddy, SG, editor. Silkworm breeding. Proceedings of the National Workshop held; 1994 March 18 -19; 1994, P. 63-78.
[20] He Y, Oshiki T. Study on cross breeding of a robust silkworm race in low latitude are in China. J. Seri. Sci. Jpn. 1984;54: 320-324.
[21] Shirota T. Selection of healthy silkworm strain through high temperature rearing of fifth instar larvae. Reports of the Silk Science Research Institute. 1992;40: 33-40.
[22] Tazima Y, Ohnuma A. Preliminary experiments on the breeding procedure for synthesizing a high temperature resistant commercial strain of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Silk Science Research Institute Japan. 1995;43: 1-16.
[23] Sirmungkararat S, Urairong H, Wongsorn D, Saksirirat W. Searching of microsatellite primers for diversity study of eri silkworm. The Conference of the Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives; 2013 June 25-27, Amari Don Muang Airport, Bangkok, Thailand. 2013b. Thai.
[24] Willmer CW, Stone G, Johnston I. Environmental physiology of animal. Blackwell Science: Oxford; 2004.
[25] Rahmathulla VK. Management of climatic factors for successful silkworm [Bombyx mori L.) crop and higher silk production: a review. Psyche. 2012;121234: 1-12.
[26] Hussian M, Khan SA, Naeem M, Aqil T, Khursheed R, Mohsin AU. Evaluation of silkworm lines against variations in temperature and R.H. for various parameters of commercial cocoon production. Psyche. 2011;145640: 1-11.
[27] Suresh Kumar N, Yamamota T, Basavaraja HK, Datta RK. Studies on the effect of high temperature on F1 hybrids between polyvoltine and bivoltine silkworm races of Bombyx mori L. International Journal of Entomology. 2001;2: 123-127.