Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of mangosteen garcinia mangostana pericarp extracts
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Published:
Dec 18, 2015
Keywords:
Garcinia mangostana antioxidant activity antiproliferation apoptosis
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidation, antiproliferation and apoptotic properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp ethanolic and water extracts (MPE/e and MPE/w) using human breast adenocarcinoma cell line, MCF-7, as a model system. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used for TPC analysis and DPPH as well FRAP were used for antioxidant capacity. Cell viability was evaluated by Resazurin and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays for 12 and 24 h. The study found that TPC of MPE/e was over than MPE/w (119.95 ± 1.03 > 84.40 ± 0.29 µg GAE/mg, respectively). Consistently, the antioxidant capacity of MPE/e was higher than MPE/w about 2 folds, which expressed via free radical scavenging, IC50 of 1,199.85 ± 47.16 and 2,435.71 ± 273.74 µg/ml and FRAP, IC50 of 546.98 ± 26.12 and 1,088.70 ± 81.54 µg/ml. Moreover, only MPE/e expressed as a potential inhibitor on the MCF-7 cells proliferation at dose- and time- dependent manner. MPE/e was strongly positive influence on antiproliferation and apoptotic induction of MCF-7 cells as seen via the morphological changes and oligonucleosomal DNA fragments. In conclusion, MPE/e may be proposed to develop to cytotoxic agents or antitumor if it has been investigated that effective and non-toxic to normal cells of animals and humans.
Article Details
How to Cite
Manasathien, J., & Khanema, P. (2015). Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of mangosteen garcinia mangostana pericarp extracts. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 20(4), 381–392. https://doi.org/10.14456/kkurj.2015.32
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Research Articles
References
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[23] Chang HF, Huang WT, Chen HJ, Yang LL. Apoptotic effects of γ-mangostin from the fruit hull of Garcinia mangostana on human malignant glioma cells. Molecules. 2010; 15: 8953-8966.
[24] Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Kobayashi E, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y. Preferencial target is mitochondria in α-mangostin induced apoptosis in leukemia HL60 cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004; 12: 5799-5806.
[25] Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y. Xanthones induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer DLD-1 cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005; 13: 6064-6069.
[26] Yu L, Zhao M, Yang B, Bai W. Immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of phenolics from
Garcinia mangostana fruit pericarp. Food Chem. 2009; 116: 969-973.
[27] Chitra S, Krithika MV, Pavithra S. Induction of apoptosis by xanthones from Garcicia mangostana in human breast and laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2010; 1: 1-8.
[28] Henry-Mowatt J, Dive C, Martinou JC, James D. Role of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in apoptosis and cancer. Oncogene. 2004; 23: 2850-2560.
[29] Ashkenazi A, Dixit Amundson SA, Myers TG, Scudiero D, Kitada S, Reed JC, Fornace AJ. An informatics approach identifying markers of chemosensitivity in human cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 6101-6110.
[30] Marselina IT, Sophianie BNE, editors. Effects of mangostatin on the activity of protein kinase A and expression of estrogen receptor in human breast cancer cell line. International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; 2011. P. 238-242.
[2] Suksamran S, Suwannapoch N, Phakhodee W, Thanuhiranlert J, Ratananukul P, Chimnoi N, Suksamran A. Antimycobacterial activity of prenylated xanthones from the fruits of Garcinia mangostana. Chem Pharm Bull. 2003; 51: 857-859.
[3] Leiseisen J, Piller R, Hermann S, Chang-Claude J. Dietary phytoestrogen intake and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a German case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2004; 11: 284-290.
[4] Moongkarndi P, Kosem N, Luanratana O, Pongpan N, Neungton N. Antiproliferation, antioxidation and induction of apoptosis by Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) on SKBR3 human breast cancer cell line. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 90: 161-166.
[5] Williams P, Ongsakul M, Proudfoot J, Croft K, Bellin L. Mangosteen inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. Free Radical Res. 1995; 23: 175-184.
[6] Sakagami Y, Linuma M, Piyasena KGNP, Dharmaratne HRW. Antibacterial activity of α-mangostin against vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE) and synergism with antibiotics. Phytomedicine. 2005; 12: 203-208.
[7] Mahabusarakam W, Kuaha K, Wilairat P, Taylor WC. Prenilated xanthones as potential antiplasmodial substances. Planta Med. 2006; 72: 912-916.
[8] Pedraza-Chaverri J, Cardenas- Rodriguez N, Orozco-Ibarra M, Perez-Rojas JM. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food Chem Toxicol. 2008; 46: 3227-3239.
[9] Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Kobayashi E, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y. Induction of apoptosis by xanthones from mangosteen in human leukemia cell lines. J Nat Prod. 2003; 66: 1124-1127.
[10] Benzie IFF, Strain JJ. The ferric reducing ability of plasma as a measure of “antioxidant power” the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem. 1996; 239: 70-76.
[11] Ji X, Avula B, Khan IA. Quantitative and qualitative determination of six xanthones in Garcinia mangostana L. by LC-PDA and LC-ESI-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2007; 43: 1270-1276.
[12] Yu L, Zhao M, Yang B, Zhao Q, Jiang Y. Phenolics from hull of Garcinia mangostana fruit and their antioxidant activities. Food Chem. 2007; 104: 176-181.
[13] Gopalakrishnan G, Banumathi B, Suresh G. Evaluation of the antifungal activity of natural xanthones from Garcinia mangostana and their synthetic derivatives. J Nat Prod. 1997; 60: 519-524.
[14] Huang YL, Chen CC, Chen YJ, Huang RL, Shith BJ. Three xanthones and a benzophenone from Garcinia mangostana. J Nat Prod. 2001; 64: 903-906.
[15] Wang JJ, Shi QH, Zhang W, Sanderson BJS. Anti-skin cancer properties of phenolic-rich extract from the pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.). Food Chem Toxicol. 2012; 50: 3004-3013.
[16] Ngawhirunpat T, Opanasopi P, Sukma M, Sittisombut C, Kat A, Adachi I. Antioxidant, free radical-scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of different solvent extracts and their phenolic constituents from the fruit hull of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Pharm Biol. 2010; 48: 55-62.
[17] Aisha AFA, Abu-Salah KM, Ismail Z, Abdul Majid AMS. In vitro and in vivo anti-colon cancer effects of Garcinia mangostana xanthones extract. BMC Complem Altern M. 2012; 12: 104.
[18] Leong LP, Shui G. An investigation of antioxidant capacity of fruits in Singapore markets. Food Chem. 2002; 76: 69-75.
[19] Yoshikawa M, Harada E, Miki A, Tsukamoto K, Si Qian L, Yamahara J, Murakami N. Antioxidant
constituents from the fruit hulls of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) originating in Vietnam. Yakuga Zasshi. 1994; 114: 129-133.
[20] Kosem N, Han YH, Moongkarndi P. Antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of methanolic extract from Garcinia mangostana hulls. ScienceAsia. 2007; 33: 283-292.
[21] Fan C, Su J. Antioxidative mechanism of isolated components from methanol extract of fruit hulls of G. mangostana. J Chinese Agr Chem Soc. 1997; 35: 540-551.
[22] Mahabusarakam W, Proudfoot J, Taylor W, Croft K. Inhibition of lipoprotein oxidation by prenylated xanthones derived from mangostin. Free Radic Res. 2000; 33: 643-659.
[23] Chang HF, Huang WT, Chen HJ, Yang LL. Apoptotic effects of γ-mangostin from the fruit hull of Garcinia mangostana on human malignant glioma cells. Molecules. 2010; 15: 8953-8966.
[24] Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Kobayashi E, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y. Preferencial target is mitochondria in α-mangostin induced apoptosis in leukemia HL60 cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004; 12: 5799-5806.
[25] Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y. Xanthones induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer DLD-1 cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005; 13: 6064-6069.
[26] Yu L, Zhao M, Yang B, Bai W. Immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of phenolics from
Garcinia mangostana fruit pericarp. Food Chem. 2009; 116: 969-973.
[27] Chitra S, Krithika MV, Pavithra S. Induction of apoptosis by xanthones from Garcicia mangostana in human breast and laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2010; 1: 1-8.
[28] Henry-Mowatt J, Dive C, Martinou JC, James D. Role of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in apoptosis and cancer. Oncogene. 2004; 23: 2850-2560.
[29] Ashkenazi A, Dixit Amundson SA, Myers TG, Scudiero D, Kitada S, Reed JC, Fornace AJ. An informatics approach identifying markers of chemosensitivity in human cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 6101-6110.
[30] Marselina IT, Sophianie BNE, editors. Effects of mangostatin on the activity of protein kinase A and expression of estrogen receptor in human breast cancer cell line. International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; 2011. P. 238-242.