Histopathological effects of Camellia oleifera seed and Garcinia mangostana pericarp extracts on Pomacea canaliculata snails, an intermediate host for Angiostrongylus cantonesis
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Abstract
We examined the histopathological changes in the tissues of Pomacea canaliculata snails incubated in crude extract obtained from camellia (Camellia oleifera) seed and mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp, to evaluate the molluscicidal activity of these two plant substances. P. canaliculata snails were incubated in various concentrations of each plant extract for 24 hours. As a positive control, another group of snails was incubated in various concentrations of niclosamide solution, a chemical molluscicide. Similar histopathological findings were observed in both experimental and control snails. Both C. oleifera seed and G. mangostana pericarp extracts showed molluscicidal effects after 24 hours, with 50% and 90% lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of 0.001 and 0.073 g/ml for C. oleifera, 0.001 and 0.024 g/ml for G. mangostana, and 0.659 and 3.397 ppm for niclosamide. Histopathological changes included alterations in the epithelial lining of the digestive tract, digestive gland, gill and foot. Loss of cilia, degeneration of columnar epithelial cells, and increased mucus vacuoles and cells were observed in the digestive tract and gill, while the digestive gland exhibited an increase in the number of dark granules and basophilic cells and dilation of digestive cells. The muscle cells of the foot had a loss of texture. The present findings indicate that both C. oleifera seed and G. mangostana pericarp have molluscicidal activity that could be used to control P. canaliculata.
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