The Factors Affecting Organization Working Efficiency in the Manufacturing and Logistics Industries
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Abstract
The objective of this research is studying the factors affecting organization working efficiency, specifically: 1) waste reduction in processes, 2) employee motivation, and 3) the combined effect of waste reduction in processes and employee motivation. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach, involving a survey of 400 participants, comprising general staff, leaders and supervisors. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient exceeding 0.7, ensuring reliability. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis was employed for hypothesis testing, complemented by qualitative research through in-depth interviews with 6 individuals, including managers, executives, and entrepreneurs. All survey questions were supported by prior studies. The sample group consisted of individuals working in logistics or manufacturing companies in Bangkok, Samut Prakan, Chonburi, and Rayong, aged 18 and above, and of all genders. The quantitative findings indicate that four factors related to 1st objective waste reduction significantly impact efficiency: motion, overproduction, defects, and unused talent. Additionally, five factors related to 2nd objective employee motivation were found to have a significant influence: achievement, responsibility, base wage or salary, policies and rules, and coworker relationships. The 3rd objective, when combining the two independent variables, the analysis showed that only employee motivation variables explained efficiency more effectively than the combined model. The qualitative findings supported these results, highlighting that interviewees considered over processing and transportation as the most critical wastes affecting organization’s efficiency. In terms of motivation, base wage & salary and career advancement were emphasized as the most influential factors.
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