A Longitudinal Study of Life Adjustment of Tourist Boat Entrepreneurs in Amphawa District, Samutsongkhram Province

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the livelihoods of tourist boat operators in Amphawa District, Samut Songkhram Province, across three periods: before, during, and after the COVID-19 crisis in Thailand. The objectives were (1) to study the livelihoods of tourist boat operators before the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) to explore their adaptive strategies during the pandemic, and (3) to propose approaches for sustaining their livelihoods after the crisis. The research employed a qualitative methodology using in-depth interviews as the primary data collection method. Thirty tourist boat operators residing in Amphawa District were purposively selected based on specific criteria: they were in good health, aged 18 years or older, and had lived in Samut Songkhram Province for at least ten years. Each interview lasted approximately 20–40 minutes, and data were analyzed thematically according to the research objectives.

The findings revealed that before the COVID-19 outbreak, operators had high incomes and stable livelihoods supported by occupations deeply connected to local culture, traditions, and strong community cooperation networks. During the pandemic, they experienced severe economic and social impacts due to the suspension of tourism and adopted various coping strategies such as reducing expenses, relying on local resources, and utilizing existing social capital networks for mutual support. After the crisis, operators focused on rebuilding sustainable livelihoods by applying lessons learned, developing new service models such as community-based tours, adopting digital technologies, enhancing safety and hygiene standards, and practicing disciplined financial management to mitigate risks.

To strengthen resilience against future crises, the study proposes the “BRF Approach,” consisting of three pillars: B (Business) – modernizing and improving business quality; R (Resource & Community) – strengthening resource management and community cooperation; and F (Financial Management) – maintaining disciplined financial management. The study also recommends government support in budget allocation and the development of key skills such as English language proficiency and boat maintenance to enhance the capacity of tourist boat operators in Amphawa District.