The Development of Instructional Model for Thai String Instrumental Ensemble with Four Colored Notes

Abstract

This research presented the development of instructional model for Thai string
instrumental ensemble with four colored notes and its results, using mixed research method
by combining qualitative and quantitative research method. The research population was
74 elementary school students in grade 6, academic year 2020, at Wat Kamphaeng School,
Bang Khun Thian District Office, Bangkok. The sample group in this research consisted of 2
classes of elementary school students in grade 6 selected by a simple random sampling
method. One class was assigned as experimental group (25 samples) and another as control
group (25 samples). The teaching was implemented 1 hour per week for 13 weeks: a total
of 13 hours.
The results showed that the instructional model with the four colored notes was
developed according to the 2008 core curriculum of basic education in art department
(music subject) for the Thai string instrumental ensemble, namely, Saw Duang, Saw U, Chake, and Khlui Phiang Aw. The practice was based on Thai musical practice standard with the
application of four colored notes (black, blue, red, and green) and Davies' instructional
model for psychomotor domain approach. The developed instructional model consisted of
8 elements: 1) Rationale, 2) Objectives, 3) Contents, 4) Duration, 5) Teaching activities, 6)
Teaching materials, 7) Evaluation and assessment, and 8) Learning management plan. The
developed instructional model was evaluated by 5 experts. The evaluation revealed that
the suitability score was at the highest level ( = 4.90, SD = 0.30). The instructional model
was applied as a pilot practice with non-sample students and the effectiveness score was
E1/E2 = 81.77/80.75. When the pre- and post-study achievement score of the experimental
group and the control group compared, it was found that the achievement score of the
experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at .05.