Review: potential of thermophile inoculation and substrate amendment for rapidly shorten the maturation period on composting of bio-fertilizer

Abstract

There is no fixed time to determine the period of finished compost. Generally, duration of composting depends on both combination of substrate and compost management. Simultaneously, either by amendment of substrate or manipulating the process will sustain the quality of finished compost. Overview of all phases in composting process shows the dependency on microbial activity of microorganisms exists on the foremost phases (mesophilic and thermophilic). Concomitantly, up to date there were a lot of significant studies on microbial inoculation by several groups of microorganisms on to substrate compost. Due to that reason, this review inquires the possibility of thermophile inoculation on reducing the maturation period for composting is governed by many elements. The selection of thermophile attributable to the maximum microbial metabolism occurs at bio-oxidative phase of composting. Therefore, inoculation of thermophiles dominate the thermophilic phase hence activate composting process.