TPACK: An Instructional Innovation for Integrating Technology to Enhance Teacher Competencies and Learners’ 21st Century Skills
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Abstract
This academic article aims to analyze and synthesize the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework as an instructional innovation for integrating technology to develop teacher competencies and 21st century skills among learners. The study employs a literature review and synthesis approach based on academic sources from both national and international contexts. The article discusses the development of the TPACK framework, its seven key components, and its role in enhancing teacher competencies, promoting 21st century skills, and supporting contemporary learning approaches. The synthesis indicates that TPACK enables teachers to effectively integrate content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and technological knowledge, thereby improving instructional quality, learner engagement, higher-order thinking skills, and digital-age learning outcomes. Furthermore, successful TPACK development requires systemic support from educational institutions, including professional development, professional learning communities, instructional leadership, and technological infrastructure. The article concludes that TPACK should serve as a foundational framework for strengthening teacher competencies and improving educational quality in the 21st century.
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