การปลูกฝังพฤติกรรมลดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนในครัวเรือนคนเมืองอีสาน กรณีศึกษาเทศบาลนครขอนแก่น
Carbon Emission Reduction Behaviors Cultivation of the Thai-Isan Urban Households: the Case Study of Khon Kaen Municipality
Keywords:
Carbon Emission Reduction, Urban People Behaviors, Thai-Isan Urban HouseholdsAbstract
Abstract
Much literature shows that one-third of the population lives in urban areas released about 71–76% of the global carbon emission in the last few years. Thus, behaviors on reducing carbon emission are crucial for global conservation and including the Isan region, Thailand. This study focuses on an investigation on carbon emission reduction cultivated behaviors of Isan city dwellers. Using a qualitative study, we conducted 24 in-depth interviews of 4 communities in Khon Kaen city, Thailand. We use a purposive sample for data collection in 2018. Data analyses were analyzed for content analysis, which was organized by the ATLAS.ti software program. The results show that carbon emission reduction behaviors of Isan city households were influenced and cultivated by the recycling practices and waste management. As the low carbon city initiative involved household practices, these are in particular on waste recycling from the onset and organic waste disposal. Moreover, we found that the community networks can promote the best community practices, and waste management activities that meet a transition to a sustainable low carbon society. Therefore, government agencies should be in the position of facilitators, not being a key player in the community network. In addition, social networks should be empowered by connecting collaboration and joint planning to increase efficiency in a low-carbon city. At the same time, the Thai government should continue to promote a policy of waste recycling, waste management, and the improvement of quality of life in order to move towards a sustainable low-carbon society.
Keywords: Carbon emission reduction, urban people behaviors, Thai-Isan urban households
References
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Jiang, Xin, Zhihua Ding, and Rong Liu. 2019. “Can Chinese residential low-carbon consumption behavior intention be better explained? The role of cultural values.” Natural Hazards 95 (1): 155–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3461-2.
Khan, Jamil. 2013. “What role for network governance in urban low carbon transitions?.” Journal of Cleaner Production 50: 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.11.045.
Klungboonkrong, Pongrid, Sittha Jaensirisak, and Thaned Satiennam. 2016. “Potential performance of urban land use and transport strategies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Khon Kaen case study, Thailand.” International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 11 (1): 36–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2015.1106249.
Kurz, Tim, Benjamin Gardner, Bas Verplanken, and Charles Abraham. 2015. “Habitual behaviors or patterns of practice? Explaining and changing repetitive climate-relevant actions”, WIREs Clim Change 6 (1): 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.327.
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Moriarty, Patrick, and Stephen Jia Wang. 2014. “Low-carbon Cities: Lifestyle Changes are Necessary”, Energy Procedia 61: 2289–2292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.439.
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Paterson, Matthew, and Johannes Stripple. 2010. “My Space: Governing Individuals’ Carbon Emissions.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28 (2): 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1068/d4109.
Peters, Michael, Shane Fudge, and Philip Sinclair. 2010. “Mobilising community action towards a low-carbon future: Opportunities and challenges for local government in the UK.” Energy Policy 38 (12): 7596–7603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.044.
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Pimpuang, Thinadda, and Pattapong Kessomboon. 2018. “Evaluation of a Locally-developed Zero Waste Management Curriculum for Primary School Pupils in KhonKaen Municipality Schools, KhonKaen Province, Thailand.” EnvironmentAsia 11 (2): 118–127. https://doi.org/10.14456/ea.2018.27.
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Rust, Roland T., and Bruce Cooil. 1994. “Reliability Measures for Qualitative Data: Theory and Implications.” Journal of Marketing Research 31 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379403100101.
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Tan, Sieting, Jin Yang, Jinyue Yan, Chewtin Lee, Haslenda Hashim, and Bin Chen. 2017. “A holistic low carbon city indicator framework for sustainable development.” Applied Energy 185: 1919–1930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.041.
Thomas, Eileen, and Joan K. Magilvy. 2011. “Qualitative Rigor or Research Validity in Qualitative Research.” Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 16 (2): 151–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6155.2011.00283.x.
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Winyuchakrit, Pornphimol, Bundit Limmeechokchai, Yuzuru Matsuoka, Kei Gomi, Mikiko Kainuma, Junichi Fujino, and Maiko Suda. 2011. “Thailand’s low-carbon scenario 2030: Analyses of demand side CO2 mitigation options.” Energy for Sustainable Development 15 (4): 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2011.09.002.
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Bailey, Julia. 2008. “First steps in qualitative data analysis: transcribing.” Family Practice 25 (2): 127–131. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmn003.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. Distinction: A Social Critique ofthe judgement of Taste. London: Routledge.
Breitmayer, Bonnie J., Lioness Ayres, and Kathleen A. Knafl. 1993. “Triangulation in qualitative research: Evaluation of completeness and confirmation purposes”, Journal of Nursing Scholarship 25 (3): 237–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00788.x.
Chamaratana, Thanapauge; Lukk W. J. Knippenberg, Edwin B. P. De Jong, Phuttarak Prabnok, Kritsada Phatchaney, and Rasita Dasri. (2019). “Tri-Patterns of Community Network for Carbon Emission Reduction in Thai-Isan Urban.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1340: 1-16. https://doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1340/1/012045
Chen, Guangwu, Thomas Wiedmann, Yafei Wang, and Michalis Hadjikakou. 2016. “Transnational city carbon footprint networks – Exploring carbon links between Australian and Chinese cities”, Applied Energy 184: 1082–1092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.053.
Chen, Hong, Ruyin Long, Wenjing Niu, Qun Feng, and Ranran Yang. 2014. “How does individual low-carbon consumption behavior occur? – An analysis based on attitude process.” Applied Energy 116: 376–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.027.
Chen, Mei-Fang. 2016. “Extending the theory of planned behavior model to explain people’s energy savings and carbon reduction behavioral intentions to mitigate climate change in Taiwan–moral obligation matters.” Journal of Cleaner Production 112: 1746–1753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.043.
Chomaitong, Surawut, and Ranjith Perera. 2014. “Adoption of the low carbon society policy in locally-governed urban areas: experience from Thai municipalities.” Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 19 (8): 1255–1275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-013-9472-0.
Currie, Mark. 1994. “The hectic quest for prelapsarian man: The Adamic myth in late Auden.” Critical Survey 6 (3): 355–360.
Dhakal, Shobhakar. 2009. “Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications.” Energy Policy 37 (11): 4208–4219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.020.
Ding, Zhihua, Xin Jiang, Zhenhua Liu, Ruyin Long, Zinan Xu, and Qingren Cao. 2018. “Factors affecting low-carbon consumption behavior of urban residents: A comprehensive review.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 132: 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.01.013.
Doren, van Doren, Peter PJ Driessen, Hens Runhaar, and Mendel Giezen. 2018. “Scaling-up low-carbon urban initiatives: Towards a better understanding.” Urban Studies 55 (1): 175–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098016640456.
Douglas, Mary. 2003. “The consumer's revolt”, In The Consumption Reader edited by D.B. Clarke, MA Doel and K.M.L. Housiaux (eds), pp. 144–149. London: Routledge.
Fan, Jing-Li, Hua Liao, Qiao-Mei Liang, Hirokazu Tatano, Chun-Feng Liu, and Yi-Ming Wei. 2013. “Residential carbon emission evolutions in urban–rural divided China: An end-use and behavior analysis.” Applied Energy 101: 323-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.020.
Fudge, Shane, and Michael Peters. 2009. “Motivating carbon reduction in the UK: The role of local government as an agent of social change.” Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences 6 (2): 103–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/19438150902732101.
Glassman, Jim, and Chris Sneddon. 2003. “Chiang Mai and Khon Kaen as Growth Poles: Regional Industrial Development in Thailand and Its Implications for Urban Sustainability.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 590 (1): 93–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716203257075.
Hausknost, Daniel, Willi Haas, Sabine Hielscher, Martina Schäfer, Michaela Leitner, Iris Kunze, and Sylvia Mandl. 2018. “Investigating patterns of local climate governance: How low‐carbon municipalities and intentional communities intervene in social practices.” Environmental Policy and Governance 28 (6): 371–382. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1804.
Heiskanen, Eva, Mikael Johnson, Simon Robinson, Edina Vadovics, and Mika Saastamoinen. 2010. “Low-carbon communities as a context for individual behavioural change.” Energy Policy 38 (12): 7586–7595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.002.
Ho, Chin Siong, Yuzuru Matsuoka, and. Kei Gomi. 2013. “Low carbon urban development strategy in Malaysia e The case of Iskandar Malaysia development corridor.” Habitat International 37: 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2011.12.018.
Hsieh, Hsiu-Fang, and Sarah E. Shannon. 2005. “Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis.” Qualitative Health Research 15 (9): 1277–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687.
Ibrahim, Mansor H., and Siong Hook Law. 2014. “Social capital and CO2 emission—output relations: A panel analysis.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 29: 528–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.076.
IPCC. 2014. “Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.” In Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: UK.
Jameson, Fredric. 1995. Postmodernism, or The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism. London: Verso.
Ji, Jingna, Zhiyong Zhang, and Lei Yang. 2017. “Carbon emission reduction decisions in the retail-/dual-channel supply chain with consumers' preference.” Journal of Cleaner Production 141: 852–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.135.
Jiang, Xin, Zhihua Ding, and Rong Liu. 2019. “Can Chinese residential low-carbon consumption behavior intention be better explained? The role of cultural values.” Natural Hazards 95 (1): 155–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3461-2.
Khan, Jamil. 2013. “What role for network governance in urban low carbon transitions?.” Journal of Cleaner Production 50: 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.11.045.
Klungboonkrong, Pongrid, Sittha Jaensirisak, and Thaned Satiennam. 2016. “Potential performance of urban land use and transport strategies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Khon Kaen case study, Thailand.” International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 11 (1): 36–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2015.1106249.
Kurz, Tim, Benjamin Gardner, Bas Verplanken, and Charles Abraham. 2015. “Habitual behaviors or patterns of practice? Explaining and changing repetitive climate-relevant actions”, WIREs Clim Change 6 (1): 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.327.
Liang, Sai, You Feng, and Ming Xu. 2015. “Structure of the Global Virtual Carbon Network: Revealing Important Sectors and Communities for Emission Reduction.” Journal of Industrial Ecology 19 (2): 307-320. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12242.
Lury, Cella. (1996). Consumer Culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Middlemiss, Lucie. 2008. “Influencing individual sustainability: a review of the evidence on the role of community-based organisations.” International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 7 (1): 78–93. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESD.2008.017898.
Middlemiss, Lucie, and Bradley D. Parrish (2010). “Building capacity for low-carbon communities: The role of grassroots initiatives.” Energy Policy 38 (12): 7559–7566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.003.
Milner, James, Michael Davies, and Paul Wilkinson. 2012. “Urban energy, carbon management (low carbon cities) and co-benefits for human health.” Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 4 (4): 398–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2012.09.011.
Moloney, Susie, Ralph E. Horne, and John Fien. 2010. “Transitioning to low carbon communities—from behaviour change to systemic change: Lessons from Australia.” Energy Policy 38 (12): 7614–7623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.06.058.
Moriarty, Patrick, and Stephen Jia Wang. 2014. “Low-carbon Cities: Lifestyle Changes are Necessary”, Energy Procedia 61: 2289–2292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.439.
Neuvonen, Aleksi, Tuuli Kaskinen, Juha Leppanen, Satu Lahteenoja, Roope Mokka, and Maria Ritola. 2014. “Low-carbon futures and sustainable lifestyles: A backcasting scenario approach.” Futures 58: 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2014.01.004.
Paterson, Matthew, and Johannes Stripple. 2010. “My Space: Governing Individuals’ Carbon Emissions.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28 (2): 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1068/d4109.
Peters, Michael, Shane Fudge, and Philip Sinclair. 2010. “Mobilising community action towards a low-carbon future: Opportunities and challenges for local government in the UK.” Energy Policy 38 (12): 7596–7603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.044.
Phdungsilp, Aumnad. 2010. “Integrated energy and carbon modeling with a decision support system: Policy scenarios for low-carbon city development in Bangkok.” Energy Policy 38 (9): 4808–4817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.10.026.
Pimpuang, Thinadda, and Pattapong Kessomboon. 2018. “Evaluation of a Locally-developed Zero Waste Management Curriculum for Primary School Pupils in KhonKaen Municipality Schools, KhonKaen Province, Thailand.” EnvironmentAsia 11 (2): 118–127. https://doi.org/10.14456/ea.2018.27.
Reynolds, Lucy. 2010. “The sum of the parts: Can we really reduce carbon emissions through individual behaviour change?.” Perspectives in Public Health 130 (1): 41–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913909354150.
Ritzer, George, and Nathan Jurgenson. 2010. “Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The nature of capitalism in the age of the digital ‘prosumer’.” Journal of Consumer Culture 10 (1): 13–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540509354673.
Roberts, Cameron, Frank W. Geels, Matthew Lockwood, Peter Newell, Hubert Schmitz, Bruno Turnheim, and Andy Jordan. 2018. “The politics of accelerating low-carbon transitions: Towards a new research agenda.” Energy Research & Social Science 44: 304–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.06.001.
Rust, Roland T., and Bruce Cooil. 1994. “Reliability Measures for Qualitative Data: Theory and Implications.” Journal of Marketing Research 31 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379403100101.
Sununta, Netchanakan, Ratchayuda Kongboon, and Sate Sampattagul. 2019. “GHG evaluation and mitigation planning for low carbon city case study: Dan Sai Municipality.” Journal of Cleaner Production 228: 1345–1353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.297.
Swim, Janet K., Susan Clayton, and George S. Howard. 2011. “Human behavioral contributions to climate change: Psychological and contextual drivers.” American Psychologist 66 (4): 251–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023472.
Tan, Sieting, Jin Yang, Jinyue Yan, Chewtin Lee, Haslenda Hashim, and Bin Chen. 2017. “A holistic low carbon city indicator framework for sustainable development.” Applied Energy 185: 1919–1930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.041.
Thomas, Eileen, and Joan K. Magilvy. 2011. “Qualitative Rigor or Research Validity in Qualitative Research.” Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 16 (2): 151–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6155.2011.00283.x.
UNFCCC. 2015. Framework Convention on Climate Change. Accessed September 20, 2019. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf.
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Winyuchakrit, Pornphimol, Bundit Limmeechokchai, Yuzuru Matsuoka, Kei Gomi, Mikiko Kainuma, Junichi Fujino, and Maiko Suda. 2011. “Thailand’s low-carbon scenario 2030: Analyses of demand side CO2 mitigation options.” Energy for Sustainable Development 15 (4): 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2011.09.002.
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2020-12-08
How to Cite
ชามะรัตน์ ธ. . ., Edwin B.P. De Jong, & Luuk W.J. Knippenberg. (2020). การปลูกฝังพฤติกรรมลดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนในครัวเรือนคนเมืองอีสาน กรณีศึกษาเทศบาลนครขอนแก่น: Carbon Emission Reduction Behaviors Cultivation of the Thai-Isan Urban Households: the Case Study of Khon Kaen Municipality . Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (HUSOKKU), 37(3), 104–131. Retrieved from https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/HUSO/article/view/240677
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