Political movements of LGBTQ groups in Thailand B.E. 2523-2567

Abstract

This article aims to: (1) examine the ideologies and intentions behind the political activism of gender-diverse individuals in Thailand between 1980 and 2024; (2) explore the forms of political movements carried out by gender-diverse groups in Thailand during the same period; and (3) analyze the strategies employed by these movements. This qualitative research utilizes documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with eight experts directly involved in the field.

The findings reveal that the ideology and intention of these movements reflect a strong aspiration to build an inclusive and equal society that genuinely accepts diversity. The movements emphasize equality in fundamental human rights and freedom, rather than special privileges. A key context that drives such activism is the persistent inequality and neglect of rights and freedoms, where gender-diverse individuals are often excluded from societal and political systems—lacking legal, educational, employment, and social recognition

In terms of form, political activism among gender-diverse groups in Thailand has focused on collective action and empowerment to influence legal and societal change. Their objective is to gain recognition and equal rights as valued members of society. Structural challenges, including legal frameworks, educational systems, and broader social norms, remain key barriers that must be addressed for the movement to succeed.

Strategically, these movements have utilized parliamentary mechanisms to advocate for legal and policy reforms and have built alliances with civil society organizations to foster broader acceptance. Moreover, social media has emerged as a powerful tool in their activism—facilitating communication, raising awareness, and mobilizing diverse communities to support social change and equality.