แหล่งที่มาภายในของการเมืองภายนอก
สงครามรัสเซีย-ยูเครนในฐานะส่วนต่อขยายของการเมืองในประเทศรัสเซีย
คำสำคัญ:
สงครามรัสเซีย-ยูเครน, การย้อนทวนจินตภาพแบบที่สอง, วลาดิเมีย ปูติน, ซิโลวิกี้บทคัดย่อ
สงครามรัสเซีย-ยูเครน ซึ่งเกิดขึ้นภายหลังจากการประกาศปฏิบัติการพิเศษทางการทหารของรัสเซียในวันที่ 24 กุมภาพันธ์ 2022 นำไปสู่ความพยายามของนักวิชาการที่จะอธิบายปัจจัยที่เป็นสาเหตุของสงครามดังกล่าวจำนวนมาก โดยอาจแบ่งออกเป็น 3 กลุ่มหรือจินตภาพสามแบบของวอลส์ ที่นักวิชาการเหล่านั้นเลือกนำมาอธิบายปรากฏการณ์ดังกล่าว อย่างไรก็ดี บทความชิ้นนี้เสนอว่าการอธิบายสาเหตุของสงครามรัสเซียภายใต้จินตภาพเพียงรูปแบบใดรูปแบบหนึ่ง ไม่อาจให้ภาพที่สมบูรณ์ของสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ดังนั้นจึงเสนอให้นำกรอบคิดเรื่อง “การย้อนทวนจินตภาพแบบที่สอง” ของกูเรอวิทช์มาอธิบายควบคู่กับจินตภาพแบบที่สอง โดยแบ่งคำอธิบายออกเป็นสองขั้น ขั้นแรกพิจารณาปฏิสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยภายนอกที่วางเงื่อนไขให้ตัวแสดงทางการเมืองภายในของรัสเซียคือประธานาธิบดีปูตินที่ต้องการกระชับอำนาจทางการเมืองภายใน กับกลุ่ม siloviki ที่นำเงื่อนไขเดียวกันไปใช้ในการเถลิงอำนาจภายในเครมลินขึ้นเหนือกลุ่มเสรีนิยม ส่วนขั้นที่สองมุ่งพิจารณาผลลัพธ์อันเกิดจากชัยชนะทางการเมืองภายในของประธานาธิบดีปูตินและ siloviki ที่มีต่อแนวทางการทำสงครามกับยูเครนเพื่อให้บรรลุเป้าหมายการเมืองภายในตามที่ตั้งไว้ และบีบให้รัสเซียจำเป็นที่จะต้องดึงดันทำสงครามต่อไปด้วยท่าทีที่แข็งกร้าวและไม่ยืดหยุ่นต่อไปในอนาคต
References
Baysha, O. (2019). Miscommunicating Social Change: Lessons from Russia and Ukraine. London: Lexington Books.
Bennett, B. (2022). The Invasion of Ukraine Hasn't Loosened Vladimir Putin's Grip on Power. It Might Have Done the Opposite. Retrieved from https://time.com/6163798/vladimir-putin-russia-power/
Biscop, S., Dessein, B., & Roctus, J. (2022). Putin Is Creating the Multipolar World He (Thought He) Wanted. Retrieved from https://www.egmontinstitute.be/putin-is-creating-the-multipolar-world-he-thought-he-wanted/
Black, J. L. (2016). Setting the tone: misinformation and disinformation from Kyiv, Moscow, Washington and Brussels in 2014. In J. L. B. a. M. Johns (Ed.), The Return of the Cold War: Ukraine, the West and Russia (pp. 163-194). London: Routledge.
Black, J. L., & Johns, M. (2016). The Return of the Cold War: Ukraine, The West and Russia. London: Routledge.
Breault, Y. (2016). Belarus in the 'New Cold War': A Promising Mediator? In J. L. Black & M. Johns (Eds.), The Return of the Cold War: Ukraine, The West and Russia (pp. 41-59). London: Routledge.
Bremmer, I. (2006). Who's in Charge in the Kremlin? World Policy Journal, 22(4), 1-6.
Bremmer, I., & Charap, S. (2007). The Siloviki in Putin's Russia: Who They Are and What They Want. The Washington Quarterly, 30(1), 83-92.
Brzezinski, Z. (1997). The Grand Chessboard. New York: Basic Books.
Burkle, F. M. (2015). Antisocial Personality Disorder and Pathological Narcissism in Prolonged Conflicts and Wars of the 21st Century. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 10(1), 118-128.
Carothers, T. (2002). The End of the Transition Paradigm. Journal of Democracy, 13(1), 5-21.
Cassiday, J. A., & Johnson, E. D. (2010). Putin, Putiniana and the Question of a Post-Soviet Cult of Personality. The Slavonic and East European Review, 88(4), 681-707.
CNN. (2022). Biden says Putin ‘totally miscalculated’ by invading Ukraine but is a ‘rational actor’. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2022/10/11/politics/joe-biden-interview-cnntv/index.html
Copeland, D. (2022). Is Vladimir Putin a Rational Actor? Retrieved from https://millercenter.org/vladimir-putin-rational-actor
D’Anieri, P. (2019). Ukraine and Russia: From Civilized Divorce to Uncivil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dibb, P. (2022). The geopolitical implications of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Australia: The Australian Strategic Policy Institute.
Eltchaninoff, M. (2018). Inside the Mind of Vladimir Putin. London: C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd.
Flint, C. (2006). Introduction to Geopolitics. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
Fortescue, S. (2022). As the Ukraine war drags on, how secure will Putin’s hold on power remain? Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/as-the-ukraine-war-drags-on-how-secure-will-putins-hold-on-power-remain-178312
Fortuin, E. (2022). Ukraine commits genocide on Russians: the term “genocide” in Russian propaganda. Russian Linguistics. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11185-022-09258-5
Fukuyama, F. (2022). Why Ukraine Will Win. Retrieved from https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/why-ukraine-will-win/
Gershman, C. (2015). A Fight for Democracy: Why Ukraine Matters. World Affairs, 177(6), 47-56.
Gould-Davies, N. (2022). Putin's Strategic Failure. Global Politics and Strategy, 64(2), 7-16.
Gourevitch, P. (1978). The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Politics. International Organization, 32(4), 881-912.
Green, J. A., Henderson, C., & Ruys, T. (2022). Russia’s Attack on Ukraine and the jus ad bellum. Journal on the Use of Force and International Law, 9(1), 4-30.
Herd, G. P. (2019). Putin’s operational code and strategic decision-making in Russia. In R. E. Kanet (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Russian Security (pp. 17-29). London: Routledge.
Hill, F. (2017). The Next Mr. Putin? The Question of Succession. Daedalus, 146(2), 41-52.
Hill, F., & Gaddy, C. G. (2017). Mr Putin: Operative in the Kremlin. Washington: Brookings.
Hutcheson, D. S., & McAllister, I. (2021). Consolidating the Putin Regime: The 2020 Referendum on Russia’s Constitutional Amendments. Russian Politics, 6(3), 355-376.
Illiarionov, A. (2009). Reading Russia: The Siloviki in Charge. Journal of Democracy, 20(2), 69-72.
Immelman, A., & Trenzeluk, J. V. (2017). The Political Political Personality of Russian Federation President Vladimir Putin. Collegeville and St. Joseph, MN: St. John’s University and the College of St. Benedict, Unit for the Study of Personality in Politics. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1106&context=psychology_pubs
Kalb, M. (2015). Imperial Gamble: Putin, Ukraine, and the New Cold War. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
Kasparov, G. (2015). Winter is Coming: Why Vladimir Putin and the Enemies of the Free World Must be Stopped. New York: Public Affairs.
Kotoulas, I. E., & Pusztai, W. (2022). Geopolitics of the War in Ukraine. Greece: Foreign Affairs Institute.
Kramer, D. J. (2022). Defeating Putin in Ukraine Is Vital to the Future of Democracy. Retrieved from https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/defeating-putin-in-ukraine-is-vital-to-the-future-of-democracy/
Krasnodębska, M. (2021). Confrontation as Ontological Security: Russia’s Reactions to the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. In M. a. K. D. Cross & I. P. Karolewski (Eds.), Russia's Foreign Policy: The Domestic and International Context (pp. 135-159). Michigan: The University of Michigan Press.
Krastev, I. (2011). Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy, 22(2), 5-16.
Kremlin. (2022a). Address by the President of the Russian Federation. Retrieved from http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/67843
Kremlin. (2022b). Executive Order on partial mobilisation in the Russian Federation. Retrieved from http://en.kremlin.ru/acts/news/69391
Kremlin. (2022c). Заседание Совета Безопасности. Retrieved from http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/67825
Kryshtanovskaya, O., & White, S. (2003). Putin's Militocracy. Post-Soviet Affairs, 19(4), 289-306.
Kryshtanovskaya, O. g., & White, S. (2005). Inside the Putin court: A research note. Europe-Asia Studies, 57(7), 1065-1075.
Kupfer, M., & Waal, T. d. (2022). Crying Genocide: Use and Abuse of Political Rhetoric in Russia and Ukraine. Retrieved from https://carnegieendowment.org/2014/07/28/crying-genocide-use-and-abuse-of-political-rhetoric-in-russia-and-ukraine-pub-56265
Kusa, I. (2022). Russia-Ukraine War: Harbinger of a Global Shift: A Perspective from Ukraine. Policy Perspectives, 19(1), 7-12.
Larrabee, F. S., Wilson, P. A., & Gordon, J. (2015). The Geopolitical Roots and Dynamics of the Ukrainian Crisis. In The Ukrainian Crisis and European Security: Implications for the United States and U.S. Army. California: Rand Corporation.
Lee, M., Madhani, A., & Jordans, F. (2022). Biden issues new warning to Russia over invading Ukraine. Retrieved from https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-vladimir-putin-moscow-russia-europe-7e06c808f644679afcfe64f66bc83792
Levada-Center. (2022). Одобрение Институтов, Рейтинги Партий И Политиков. Retrieved from https://www.levada.ru/2022/09/28/odobrenie-institutov-rejtingi-partij-i-politikov-6/
Lieven, A. (2022). Leaked drafts of NATO, US responses to Russia are surprisingly revealing. Retrieved from https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2022/02/02/leaked-drafts-of-nato-us-responses-to-russia-are-surprisingly-revealing/
Linden, M., & Wilkes, G. R. (2022). Putin: The Psychology Behind His Destructive Leadership – and How Best to Tackle It According to Science. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/putin-the-psychology-behind-his-destructive-leadership-and-how-best-to-tackle-it-according-to-science-179823
Liptak, K., & Vazquez, M. (2022). Biden says Putin ‘cannot remain in power’. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2022/03/26/politics/biden-warsaw-saturday/index.html
Mackinnon, A. (2022). Putin Hasn’t Gone FarEnoughfor Russia’s Hawks. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/05/27/putin-russia-dissent-ukraine-war-hawks/
Mankoff, J. (2009). Russian Foreign Policy: The Return of Great Power Politics. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Marples, D. R. (2022). The War in Ukraine's Donbas: Origins, Contexts, and the Future. Budapest: Central European University Press.
Mastanduno, M., D. A. Lake, and G. J. Ikenberry. (1989). Toward a Realist Theory of State Action. International Studies Quarterly, 33(4), 457-474.
Masters, J. (2022). Ukraine: Conflict at the Crossroads of Europe and Russia. Retrieved from https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/ukraine-conflict-crossroads-europe-and-russia
Mearsheimer, J. J. (2014). Why the Ukraine Crisis Is the West's Fault: The Liberal Delusions That Provoked Putin. Foreign Affairs, 93(5), 77-84, 85-89.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the KIngdom of Thailand. (2012). องค์การสนธิสัญญาแอตแลนติกเหนือ (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation - NATO). Retrieved from https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bcc2715e39c306000a364?cate=5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006872
Ned Lebow, R. (2022). International Relations Theory and the Ukrainian War. Analyse & Kritik, 44(1), 111-135.
News, B. (2022). Ukraine crisis: Biden warns Russia may invade next month. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60164537
Nikitina, Y. (2021). Russia’s Regionalism Projects in Eurasia. In M. a. K. D. Cross & I. P. Karolewski (Eds.), Russia's Foreign Policy: The Domestic and International Context (pp. 217-238). Michigan: The University of Michigan Press.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (1995). Study on NATO Enlargement. Retrieved from https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_24733.htm
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (2022a). Enlargement and Article 10. Retrieved from https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_24733.htm
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (2022b). NATO Secretary General statement on Russia’s unprovoked attack on Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_192401.htm
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (2022c). Statement by the North Atlantic Council on Russia's attack on Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_192404.htm?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=smc&utm_id=220224%2Bukraine%2Bnac%2Bstatement
O'Rourke, R. (2022). Renewed Great Power Competition: Implications for Defense. Washington D.C.: Congressional Reseach Service.
Person, R., & McFaul, M. (2022). What Putin Fears Most. Journal of Democracy, 33(2), 18-27.
Pertsev, A. (2022). War in Ukraine Has Sparked a New Race to Succeed Putin. Retrieved from https://carnegieendowment.org/politika/87633
Pisano, J. (2022). Staging Democracy: Political Performance in Ukraine, Russia, and Beyond. Ithaca: Northern Illinois University Press.
Plekhanov, S. M. (2016). Assisted Suicide: Internal and External Causes of the Ukranian Crisis. In J. L. Black & M. Johns (Eds.), The Return of the Cold War: Ukraine, The West and Russia (pp. 3-25). London: Routledge.
Putin, V. (2000). First Person: An Astonishingly Frank Self-Portrait by Russia's President. New York: Public Affairs.
Rochlitz, M. (2019). The Return of the Siloviki: An Introduction. Russian Politics, 4(4), 493-498.
Rosenau, J. N. (1969). Linkage Politics: Essays on the Convergence of National and International Systems. New York: The Free Press.
Rossoliński-Liebe, G., & Willems, B. (2022). Putin’s Abuse of History: Ukrainian ‘Nazis’, ‘Genocide’, and a Fake Threat Scenario. The Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 35(1), 1-10.
Safranchuk, I. (2022). The Conflict in Ukraine: Regional and Global Contexts – A Perspective from Russia. Policy Perspectives, 19(1), 1-5.
Sakwa, R. (2008). Putin: Russia's Choice (2nd Ed.). London: Routledge.
Sakwa, R., & Pikulicka-Wilczewska, A. (2015). Ukraine and Russia: People, Politics, Propaganda and Perspectives. Bristol: E-International Relations Publishing.
Schermerhorn, J. J. (2015). Vladimir Putin: His Strategic Leadership and Decision-making. Pennsylvania: U.S. Army War College.
Schmidtke, O., & Yekelchyk, S. (2008). Europe's Last Frontier?: Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine between Russia and the European Union New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Sergounin, A. A. (1997). Russian Domestic Debate on NATO Enlargement: From Phobia to Damage Limitation. European Security, 6(4), 55-71.
ShareAmerica. (2022). Russia’s media crackdown hides war in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://share.america.gov/russias-media-crackdown-hides-war-in-ukraine/
Simonsen, S. G. (2000). Putin's Leadership Style: Ethnocentric Patriotism. Security Dialogue, 31(3), 377-380.
Smith, C. M. (2022). Ukraine's Revolt, Russia's Revenge. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
Snyder, T. (2022). Ukraine Holds the Future: The War Between Democracy and Nihilism. Retrieved from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/ukraine/ukraine-war-democracy-nihilism-timothy-snyder
Solovey, V. (2019). Liberals or Technocrats? Liberal Ideas and Values in the Mindset of the Russian Political Elite. In R. M. Cucciolla (Ed.), Dimensions and Challenges of Russian Liberalism: Historical Drama and New Prospects (pp. 179-188). Switzerland: Springer.
Soodavar, B. (2022). The psychology behind the Kremlin's war in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.kcl.ac.uk/whats-the-psychology-behind-putins-decision-to-invade
Stanovaya, T. (2020). The Russian State and Society at a Crossroads. In S. Saari & S. Secrieru (Eds.), Russian Futures 2030. Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies.
Staun, J. (2007). Siloviki versus Liberal-Technocrats. The fight for Russia and its foreign policy. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS).
Stoner, K. (2006). Russia: Authoritarianism Without Authority. Journal of Democracy, 17(1), 104-118.
Taylor, B. D. (2006). Power Surge? Russia’s Power Ministries from Yeltsin to Putin and Beyond. In P. P. M. N. 414 (Ed.), (pp. 1-5).
Taylor, B. D. (2017). The Russian Siloviki & Political Change. Daedalus, 146(2), 53-63.
Teague, E. (2020). Russia’s Constitutional Reforms of 2020. Russian Politics, 5(3), 301-328.
The Economist. (2007). The making of a neo-KGB state. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/briefing/2007/08/23/the-making-of-a-neo-kgb-state
The United Nations. (1945). The Charter of the United Nations. San francisco: The United Nations.
The White House. (2022a). G7 Leaders’ Statement. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/23/g7-leaders-statement-3/
The White House. (2022b). Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki and National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan, February 11, 2022. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/press-briefings/2022/02/11/press-briefing-by-press-secretary-jen-psaki-and-national-security-advisor-jake-sullivan-february-11-2022/
The White House. (2022c). Remarks by President Biden Before Marine One Departure. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/02/17/remarks-by-president-biden-before-marine-one-departure-14/
The White House. (2022d). Remarks by President Biden Before Meeting with the Infrastructure Implementation Task Force. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/01/20/remarks-by-president-biden-before-meeting-with-the-infrastructure-implementation-task-force/
The White House. (2022e). Statement by President Biden on Russia’s Unprovoked and Unjustified Attack on Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/02/23/statement-by-president-biden-on-russias-unprovoked-and-unjustified-attack-on-ukraine/
Thiers, C. (2022). The Psychology of War: Analysing Putin's Motivations. Retrieved from https://theloop.ecpr.eu/the-psychology-of-war-analysing-putins-motivations/
Troianovski, A. (2022). The Hard-Line Russian Advisers Who Have Putin’s Ear. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/30/world/europe/putin-top-advisers-ukraine.html
Wade, R. H. (2015). Rethinking the Ukraine Crisis. Economic and Political Weekly, 50(9), 18-20.
Waltz, K. N. (2001). Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis (2nd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press.
Wolff, A. T. (2015). The future of NATO enlargement after the Ukraine crisis. International Affairs, 91(5), 1103-1121.
Wood, E. A. (2016). A Small, Victorious War? The Symbolic Politics of Vladimir Putin. In E. A. Wood, W. E. Pomeranz, E. W. Merry, & M. Trudolybov (Eds.), Roots of Russia's War in Ukraine (pp. 97-130). New York: Columbia University Press.
Министерство иностранных дел российской федерации. (2021). Соглашение о мерах обеспечения безопасности Российской Федерации и государств-членов Организации Североатлантического договора. Retrieved from https://mid.ru/ru/foreign_policy/rso/nato/1790803/?lang=ru
ТАСС. (2021). Путин: расширение НАТО - вопрос безопасности России на стратегическую перспективу. Retrieved from https://tass.ru/politika/13147197
Downloads
เผยแพร่แล้ว
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 วารสารเอเชียตะวันออกและอาเซียนศึกษา
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ตีพิมพ์ได้ผ่านการพิจารณาจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ทัศนะและข้อคิดเห็นจาก บทความในวารสารเป็นของผู้เขียน ไม่ถือเป็นความรับผิดชอบของคณะผู้จัดทำและศูนย์การเมือง สังคม และอาณาบริเวณศึกษา การนำบทความในวารสารไปตีพิมพ์ซ้ำต้องได้รับอนุญาตจาก กองบรรณาธิการ