Studying Families in Southeast Asia: Exploring Polygamy and Its Dynamics in Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
As one of the most fundamental parts of social structure, marriage significantly influences society. In Indonesia, the complexity of issues in a marriage is increased considerably by the practice of polygamy. Historically, polygamy has been a part of Indonesian society. Nonetheless, as Indonesia progresses to become more democratic society, women’s rights in polygamous households has become a topic of tension among Indonesians. The effort to address women's rights in polygamy is confronted with a sensitive hurdle due to the close association of polygamy with religious beliefs, particularly within Islam. As defined by the faith, polygamy was designed to be the social welfare protection system for a widow and her children. However, the modern practice has deviated from its original intention and is at risk of harming women’s rights. As such, establishing a broader perspective of polygamy with an approach that leans more towards accepting Indonesian plurality and tolerance is critical for protecting women’s rights.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright: Asia-Pacific International University reserve exclusive rights to publish, reproduce and distribute the manuscript and all contents therein.
References
Abdullah, A., Wekke, I. S., Hirth, F., & Rockhill, W. W. (2018). Origins of Islam in Indonesia. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 119(18), 1149–1179.
Abdullah, R. (2008). Inserting stipulation pertaining to polygamy in a marriage contract in Muslim countries. Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 46(1), 153–169. https://aljamiah.or.id/index.php/AJIS/article/view/82
Ahmadi, R., Hefni, W., & Mutrofin, M. (2019). Indonesian Global Ikhwan’s reception and expression towards sunnah polygamy in online media. ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam, 20(1), 70–94. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v20i1.5660
Ainiya, Q. (2017). Poligami di Indonesia dalam perspektif CEDAW dan Mazhab Shafi’i [Polygamy in Indonesia from the perspective of CEDAW and Mazhab Shafi’i]. Ijtihad, Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan, 17(1), 61–84
Akun, A., & Ernawati, E. (2012). Binary opposition and multiculturalism shown in the struggle of Mataram Kingdom power during reign of Amangkurat I. Lingua Cultura, 6(2), 162–172.
Alkhanif. (2019). Women, Islam, and modern family construction in the perspectives of legal pluralism in Indonesia. Petita: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah, 4(2), 141–151. https://doi.org/10.22373/petita. v4i2.24
Alwy, F. (2018). Reformulation of the government compilation of Islamic law: Strengthening the concept of gender-sensitive regulations in Indonesia. FIAT JUSTISIA:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 11(4), 355–370. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v11no4.983
Anggraini, H. (2015). Meaning of adjustment for wife with husband’s have polygamy. GUIDENA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Psikologi, Bimbingan dan Konseling, 5(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.24127/gdn.v5i1.58
Azhari, F. (2021). The Habibs’ polygamy lives with Ahwal women [A case study in Banjar regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia]. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 42(1), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.34044/ j.kjss.2021.42.1.25
Baihaqi, Y. (2019). Poligami dalam perspektif Ulama tafsir: Catatan terhadap pandangan partai Solidaritas Indonesia. [Polygamy in the perspective of an interpretative Ulama: A note towards the view of the Indonesian solidarity party]. Ijtimaiyya: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam, 12(2), 249–269.
Basyar, F. (2017). Prosedur pencatatan perkawinan dan perceraian di negara Indonesia dan Malaysia perspektif hukum Islam [The procedure of marriage and divorce registration in Indonesia and Malaysia: Islamic law’s perspective]. Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam, 1(1), 87–99.
Bedner, A., & Van Huis, S. (2010). Plurality of marriage law and marriage registration for Muslims in Indonesia: A plea for pragmatism. Utrecht Law Review, 6(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.18352/ulr.130
Brenner, S. (2006). Democracy, polygamy, and women in post-reformasi Indonesia. Social Analysis, 50(1), 8.
Cahyani, A. I. (2018). Poligami dalam perspektif hukum Islam [Polygamy from the perspective of Islamic law]. Jurnal Al-Qadau: Peradilan dan Hukum Keluarga Islam, 5(2), 271–280. https://doi.org/10.24252/al-qadau.v5i2.7108
Chin, G. V. S. (2012). Imagined subjects: Polygamy, gender and nation in Nia Dinata’s Love for Share. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 13(3), 137–152.
Coté, J. (2017). Female colonial friendships in early 20th century Java: Exploring new correspondence by Kartini’s sisters. Dutch Crossing, 41(1), 21–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2016.1139778
Darmawijaya, A. (2019). Dampak poligami Siri terhadap kehidupan keluarga di desa Cigugur Girang Bandung Barat [The impact of Siri polygamy towards the family life in Cigugur Girang, West Bandung]. Asy-Syari'ah, 21(2), 207–220. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/asy-syariah/article/view/5447
Dewi, K. H. (2012). Javanese women and Islam: Identity formation since the twentieth century. Southeast Asian Studies, 1(1), 109–140. https://englishkyoto-seas.org/wp-content/uploads/010103.pdf
Fahmi, I. (2016). Proses pengambilan keputusan menjadi istri kedua dalam perkawinan poligami pada wanita berpendidikan tinggi [The decision-making process to become the second wife in polygamous marriage among women with higher education]. Psympathic, Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 1(2), 231–243.
Faisol, Y. (2016). Konsep adil dalam poligami: Telaah pemikiran mushthofa Al-‘ Al-‘Adawï dalam Tafsir Al-Tashïl Lita’wïl Al-Tanzïl [The concept of justice in polygamy: Examination on the thought of Musthofa Al’-Al-Adawi in Al-Tashil Lita’ wil Al-Tanzil’s interpretation]. International Journal Ihya’ ‘Ulum Al-Din, 18(1), 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ihya.17.1.1730
Feinberg, M., & Wehling, E. (2018). A moral house divided: How idealized family models impact political cognition. PLOS ONE, 13(4), e0193347. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193347
Fuad, M. (2005). Islam, the Indonesian state, and identity the ideas of Nurcholis Madjid and Abdurrahman Wahid. Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, 7(1), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.17510/wjhi. v7i1.292
Hafiz, K. A., & Lestari, I. (2019, November 12–14). Diversity of views on the inequality of men’s power relations over women in the practice of polygamy in Indonesia [Paper presentation]. Proceeding Book 7th Asian Academic Society International Conference 2019, PERMITHA Chapter, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.
Hasan, H. (2012). Contemporary issues facing the criminalization of polygamy. AHKAM: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 12(2), 1–10. http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ahkam/article/view/960
Hernawati, M. (2018). Kennedy and Soekarno in popular movies: A transnational perspective. Rubikon, 2(1), 21–43.
Himawan, K. K., Bambling, M., & Edirippulige, S. (2018). What does it mean to be single in Indonesia? Religiosity, social stigma, and marital status among never-married Indonesian adults. Sage Open, 8(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018803132
Husain, R. T., Ahmad, A., Kara, S. A., & Alwi, Z. (2019). Polygamy in the perspective of Hadith: Justice and equality among wives in a polygamy practice. Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman, 23(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.29300/madania.v23i1.1954
Ipandang, I. (2020). Islamic law and gender: The collapse of the oligarchical-patriarchal culture in the Konawe region of Southeast Sulawesi. Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic & Social Studies, 6(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.30983/islam_realitas.v6i1.3247
Ja’far, K., Nasution, K., Abror, K., & Hermanto, A. (2020). Reconstruction of pregnancy marriage legality in Indonesia. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 9, 1082–1090.
Jaman, N. (2020). Implications of polygamy practices on positive law in Indonesia. Prophetic Law Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.20885/PLR.vol2.iss1.art2
Jannah, S. R., & Izzati, Y. W. (2020). Resistance of poligamous women. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal, 3(4), 3017–3027. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i4.1324
Jones, S. (2010). New order repression and the birth of Jemaah Islamiyah. In E. Aspinall & G. Fealy (Eds.), Soeharto’s new order and its legacy: Essays in honour of Harold Crouch (1st ed.). ANU Press. https://doi.org/10.22459/SNOL.08.2010.03
Kholis, N., Jumaiyah, J., & Wahidullah, W. (2017). Poligami dan Ketidakadilan Gender Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan di Indonesia [Polygamy and gender inequalities in Indonesia’s marital law]. Al-Ahkam, 27(2), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2017.27.2.1971
Kustiani. (2012, May 30–June 2). Buddhist women and the issue of polygamy in Indonesia [Paper presentation]. 2nd International Association of Buddhist Universities (IABU) Conference 2012, Bangkok, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Wangnoi, Ayutthaya, Thailand.
Labibabtussolihah, Lestari D.W, Azizah, N.A, Fitriani, H, Fathiraini, N, Adriani, N.M. (2019). The values, local wisdom, and heroism of Raden Dewi Sartika’s thoughts on women emancipation through education. Proceedings of the 4th International Seminar on Social Studies and History Education (ISSSHE) 2019, 14. http://repository.upi.edu/47321/35/SPS_PRO_PIPS_ISSSHE_2019_Labibatussolihah_Wulan%20Dwi%20Lestari_Lia%20Nurul%20Azizah_Hani%20Fitriani_Nurdiani%20Fathiraini_Nour%20M.%20Adriani.pdf
Maarif, A. S. (2018). Islam, humanity and the Indonesian identity (G. A. Fowler, Trans.). Leiden University Press. http://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/27536
Meroe, A. S. (2014). Democracy, meritocracy and the uses of education. The Journal of Negro Education, 83(4), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.83.4.0485
Miklikowska, M., & Hurme, H. (2011). Democracy begins at home: Democratic parenting and adolescents’ support for democratic values. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8(5), 541–557. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2011.576856
Morlino, L. (2004). ‘Good’ and ‘bad’ democracies: How to conduct research into the quality of democracy. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 20(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/135232704 10001687082
Moss, P. (2021). Democracy as first practice in early childhood education and care. In R. E. Tremblay, M. Boivin, & REDev Peters (Eds.), Encyclopedia on early childhood development. https://www.child-encyclopedia.com/ child-care-early-childhood-education-and-care/according-experts/democracy-first-practice-early
Mukri, S. G. (2018). Pendidikan seks usia dini dalam perspektif hukum Islam [Early childhood sex education from Islamic law’s perspective]. Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law, 3(1). https://www.academia.edu/20370983
Murniati, M., Sulistiyono, H. A., & Wahidullah, W. (2020). Analyzing polygamy requirements in Indonesia by reading women in text and culture. JICSA (Journal of Islamic Civilization in Southeast Asia), 9(2), 252–269. https://doi.org/10.24252/jicsa.v9i2.14355
Nasution, K. (2008). Polygamy in Indonesian Islamic family law. Shariah Journal, 16(2), 25–40 https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JS/article/view/22762.
Nolas, S.-M., Varvantakis, C., & Aruldoss, V. (2017). Talking politics in everyday family lives. Contemporary Social Science, 12(1–2), 68–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2017.1330965
Norcahyono, N. (2017). Pemikiran reaktif tentang hukum poligami dalam Al-Qur’an (Pemikiran Quraish Shihab dalam Tafsir Al-Mishbah) [A reactive thought about the law of polygamy in Al-Qur’an (The thought of Quraish Shihab in Al-Mishbah interpretation)]. Al-Banjari: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 15(2), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.18592/al-banjari.v15i2.886
Nurcahaya, M., Akbarizan, M., & Sri Murhayati, M. (2018). Punishment for polygamy doer in the perspective of Islamic law in Indonesia. Proceedings of the International Conference on Culture and Language in Southeast Asia (ICCLAS 2017), Jakarta, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2991/icclas-17.2018.12
Nurhayati, N., Setiyowati, R., & Nurmalisa, Y. (2021). Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as a national consensus and a universal tool of the Indonesian nation. Jurnal Etika Demokrasi, 6(2), 254–263.
Nurhidayatuloh, F., Romsan, A., Yahanan, A., Sardi, M., & Zuhro, F. (2018). Forsaking equality: Examine Indonesia’s state responsibility on polygamy to the marriage rights in Cedaw. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 18(2), 182–193. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.2.810
Nurmila, N. (2016). Polygamous marriages in Indonesia and their impacts on women’s access to income and property. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 54(2), 427–446. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2016.542. 427–446
Nurmila, N. (2020). The current battles between progressive and conservative Muslim women in Indonesia. AGENDA: Jurnal Analisis Gender Dan Agama, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31958/agenda.v2i1.2026
Parra, S. L., Bakker, C., & van Liere, L. (2021). Practicing democracy in the playground: Turning political conflict into educational friction. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 53(1), 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272. 2020.1838615
Qibtiyah, A. (2009). Indonesian Muslim women and the gender equality movement. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 3(1), 168–196. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2009.3.1.168-196
Qomar, M. (2019). Islam Nusantara. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 14(1), 131–150. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2019.14.1.131-150
Rahmawati, S. W. (2013). Pengambilan keputusan seorang istri dalam pernikahan poligami [Decision-making process of a wife in polygamous marriage]. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 1(2), 163–176.
Rinaldo, R. (2008). Envisioning the nation: Women activists, religion and the public sphere in Indonesia. Social Forces, 86(4), 1781–1804. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20430828
Rizki, S., Rahman, S., & Sampara, S. (2020). Polygamy in the Indonesian marriage law system (Comparative study between Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Tunisia). Meraja Journal, 3(3), 335–349. https://doi.org/10.33080/mrj.v3i3.140
Robinson, K. (2006). Islamic influences on Indonesian feminism. Social Analysis, 50(1), 171–177. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23181949
Sa’dan, M. (2015). Poligami atas nama agama: Studi kasus Kiai Madura [Polygamy in the name of religion: case study of Madurese Kiai]. Esensia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuludin, 16(1), 89–101
Setiyanto, D. A. (2017). Poligami dalam perspektif filsafat hukum islam (kritik terhadap hukum perkawinan di indonesia) [Polygamy in Islamic law philosophy: A critique towards the law pertaining marriage in Indonesia]. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 10(1), 49–60. http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/syariah/ Ahwal/article/view/1154
Sultana, A. (2010–2011). Patriarchy and women’s subordination: A theoretical analysis. The Arts Faculty Journal, 4, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3329/afj.v4i0.12929
Sumaktoyo, N. G. (2021). Ethnic and religious sentiments in Indonesian politics: Evidence from the 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election. Journal of East Asian Studies, 21(1), 141–164.
Sunarso, A. (2018). Historiography of Indonesian Islam (Historical analysis of the transitional era of social and political system in Java in the 15-16th century and the contribution of Javanese kings in Islamization). International Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities, 1(1), 9–20.
Sunaryo, A. (2010). Poligami di Indonesia (Sebuah analisis normatif-sosiologis) [Polygamy in Indonesia: A normative-sociological analysis]. Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender dan Anak, 5(1), 143–167. http://ejournal.uinsaizu.ac.id/index.php/yinyang/article/view/265
Susanto, E. H., & Zhang, S. D. (2017). Critical discourse analysis of interfaith marriage news from cyber media in Indonesia. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 7(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2017.v7n1p91
Suwirta, A. (2009). Inggit Garnasih, Soekarno and the age of motion in Indonesia. TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, 1(1), 71–82. https://journals.mindamas.com/index.php/tawarikh/article/ view/368
Tarigan, A. A., Nurhayati, N., & Marpaung, W. (2021). Taming Islam’s polygyny law: Revealing male sexual desire in Indonesia’s polygyny practices. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 15(1), 149–170. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2021.15.1.149-170
Trigiyatno, A. (2011). Perempuan dan poligami di Indonesia (Memotret sejarah gerakan perempuan dalam menentang poligami) [Women and polygamy in Indonesia: Capturing the picture of the history of women’s movement against polygamy]. Muwazah, 3(1), 334–341.
van Wichelen, S. (2005, July 12–15). The production of masculinity in contemporary Indonesian mediascape. Proceedings 4th International Symposium of the Journal Antropologi Indonesia. https://simposiumjai.ui.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/20/2020/03/9.2.3-Sonja-van-Wichelen.pdf
Wajiran, W. (2018). Polygamy and Muslim women in contemporary Indonesian literature. Jurnal Humaniora, 30(3), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v30i3.34821
Wartini, A. (2013). Poligami: Dari Fiqh hingga perundang-undangan [Polygamy: From Fiqh to regulation]. HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 10(2), 237–268. https://doi.org/10.24239/jsi.v10i2.29.237-268
Woodward, A. (2015). Historical perspectives on a national heroine: R.A. Kartini and the politics of memory [Independent Study Project–ISP, Collection (Fall). Paper 2189, School for International Training]. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/2189/