Global Inequality
A Key Challenge of International Efforts in Climate Change Mitigation
Keywords:
inequality, International Cooperation, Environment, Climate Change, Global GovernanceAbstract
This article aims to identify the main obstacle in global climate change governance by examining the Tragedy of the Commons at the international level, which is a key issue in climate cooperation and the enforcement of global warming mitigation policies. It argues that the key difficulty is not only the tragedy of the commons which is inherent to climate problems, but also the inequality among countries. This inequality reduces the willingness to cooperate on climate issues and creates obstacles to the effective implementation of climate change regulations.
References
ภาษาไทย
ไทยพีบีเอส, (2568). BAN เตือนไทย! ขยะอันตรายจากสหรัฐฯ 222 ตู้ เทียบท่าแหลมฉบัง. วันที่ค้นข้อมูล 28 มิถุนายน 2568, เข้าถึงได้จาก https://www.thaipbs.or.th/news/content/352732
มติชน, (2564). นักวิชาการแฉแหลก ทำไมไทยนำเข้าขยะพลาสติกจาก ตปท.จำนวนมหาศาล. วันที่ค้นข้อมูล 11 พฤษภาคม 2567, เข้าถึงได้จาก https://www.matichon.co.th/weekly/hot-news/article_261836
ภาษาอังกฤษ
Arrighi, G. (2002). Global capitalism and the persistence of the North-South divide. Science & Society, 65(4), 469–475. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2753162
Bassetti, F. (2023, January 20). Success or failure? The Kyoto Protocol’s troubled legacy. Retrieved May 12, 2024, from https://www.climateforesight.eu/articles/success-or-failure-the-kyoto-protocols-troubled-legacy/
Bauer, A., et al. (2021). Higher ground? Fashion’s climate breakdown. Retrieved May 29, 2024, from https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/global-labor-institute/higher-ground-fashions-climate-breakdown
DeSombre, E. (2004). The evolution of international environmental cooperation. Journal of International Law and International Relations, 1(1-2). Retrieved May 16, 2024, from https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/journals/jilir%20/v1i1/f_0024931_20362.pdf
Environmental Protection Agency. (2024, March 20). International actions - The Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer | US EPA. Retrieved May 10, 2024, from https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer
Hardin, G. (1998). Extensions of “The Tragedy of the Commons”. Science, 280(5364), 682-683.
Jernnäs, M. (2023). Governing through the nationally determined contribution (NDC): five functions to steer states’ climate conduct. Environmental Politics, 33(3), 530-551.
Kral, U., Brunner, P. H., Chen, P., & Chen, S. (2014). Sinks as limited resources? A new indicator for evaluating anthropogenic material flows. Ecological Indicators, 46, 596-609.
Melville, S. (2021, June 22). Ranked: The top 10 countries that dump the most plastic into the ocean. Euronews. Retrieved May 20, 2024, from https://www.euronews.com
Odeh, L. E. (2010). A comparative analysis of Global North and Global South economies. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(3), 338-348.
Osborne, M. (2022, November 30). East-asia battles fast-fashion and its environmental damage. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/east-asia-battles-fast-fashion-its-environmental-damage-osborne
Ostrom, E. (2008). Tragedy of the commons. In The new Palgrave dictionary of economics (pp. 1–5). Palgrave Macmillan.
Paterson, M. (1996). IR theory: Neorealism, neo-institutionalism and the climate change convention. In The environment and international relations (pp. 59–76). Routledge.
Singlor, T. (2022, January 3). SDG Vocab | 57 – Doha Development Agenda – วาระการพัฒนารอบโดฮา. SDG Move. Retrieved May 12, 2024, from https://www.sdgmove.com/2021/09/05/sdg-vocab-57-doha-development-agenda/
Uddin, M. K. (2017). Climate change and global environmental politics: North-South divide. Environmental Policy and Law, 47(3-4), 106-114.
UNEP. (n.d.). About Montreal protocol. Retrieved June 29, 2024, from https://www.unep.org/ozonaction/who-we-are/about-montreal-protocol
Varkkey, H. (2019). By exporting trash, rich countries put their waste out of sight and out of mind. Retrieved May 29, 2024, from https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/29/opinions/by-exporting-trash-rich-countries-put-their-waste-out-of-sight-and-out-of-mind-varkkey/index.html
