Jakae Playing Techniques in Thai Contemporary Music

Abstract

    This research was aimed to study Jakae playing techniques in Thai contemporary music ensembles. The data collection employed in the study were documentary research, field study, expert interviews, audiovisual media, records, and music notation for Jakae. The research instruments included the structured and unstructured interviews to explore the concepts of Jakae playing, Jakae playing techniques, and solutions to limitations. After that, data analysis was conducted using the Jakae playing theory.

    The findings revealed that: first, Jakae playing concept: 1) Jakae is played in traditional patterns and only the accompanied instruments are changed, but the original playing techniques are used. 2) A specific song is selected based on its compatibility with the sound of a traditional Jakae by which a performer often maintains the original techniques together with adjusting rhythms to follow the conductor’s instructions. 3) The melody lines are created to be consistent with a variety of Modes. Second, three playing techniques are found: (1) Adapting playing techniques from those of other string instruments, (2) Adapting playing techniques from different music instruments of other countries, and (3) Changing the scales to create new techniques. The last, three aspects regarding solutions to limitations are discussed: Jakae performers, Jakae, and songs; 1) Jakae performers should be experienced in playing the instrument using both the traditional and special techniques. They should be skillful in applying different techniques. 2) The structure of sound frets of Jakae is unique, so it should not be added with too many intervals to maintain sound clarity. Using semi-tone scales in some frets can create unfamiliar tunes. Jakae performers should explore a variety of improvisation and its suitability for melodies. 3) The selection of songs should concern their consistency with the sound of Jakae and other accompanied instruments in the ensemble.