The Model for Promoting Transformational Leadership in the 21st Century among Educational Administrators under the Office of Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area 2

Abstract

This research aimed to: 1) study the current and desirable states of transformational leadership in the 21^st century among school administrators under the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2; 2) develop a model for promoting 21st-century transformational leadership for these school administrators; and 3) evaluate the developed model. This mixed-methods research was conducted in three phases: (1) studying the current and desirable conditions from 334 administrators and teachers using questionnaires, and interviewing 9 administrators, with data analyzed using PNI modified statistics in conjunction with content analysis; (2) developing the model based on interviews with 17 experts, drafting the model, and verifying it through focus group discussions with 9 experts; and (3) evaluating the model with 30 administrators using a 5-level assessment form across four aspects: feasibility, utility, propriety, and social responsibility. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.

The findings revealed that the current state of transformational leadership was at a moderate level ( = 3.06), while the desirable state was at a high level ( = 4.24). The areas with the highest needs for development were Individualized Consideration (PNI = 0.401), followed by Intellectual Stimulation (PNI = 0.395). The developed model comprised six components: principles, objectives, operational procedures, implementation conditions, success factors, and self-assessment. The model was based on the PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–Act) quality cycle and the concept of innovative leadership. The evaluation results indicated that the model achieved the highest level of overall suitability and feasibility ( = 4.25), with propriety rated highest ( = 4.29). These results demonstrate that the developed model can be effectively applied to enhance the transformational leadership of school administrators in the 21st century in an efficient and sustainable manner.