Life Insurance Buying Decisions: Word-of-Mouth Effects on Thai People
Main Article Content
Abstract
Word of mouth can prompt a consumer to consider a brand or product in a way that incremental advertising spending cannot. The life insurance market in Thailand is one of the toughest to penetrate. The aims of this study were to determine whether word of mouth affected life insurance policy buying decisions among Thais, and whether satisfaction or trust exerted an additional influence on word of mouth regarding life insurance. An online questionnaire was used together with convenience and quota sampling to collect data from 200 men and 200 women who had experience buying life insurance. Descriptive analysis was utilized with the demographic information. The effect of word of mouth on the decision to buy life insurance was assessed by simple linear regression. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the effect of satisfaction and trust on the effectiveness of word-of-mouth recommendations. Word of mouth had a significant effect (p ≤ .1%) on the decision of Thais to buy life insurance. Moreover, satisfaction and trust had significant effects (p ≤ .1%) on acceptance of word-of-mouth recommendations. Surprisingly, satisfaction had a greater effect on uptake of word-of-mouth recommendations than did trust.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright: Asia-Pacific International University reserve exclusive rights to publish, reproduce and distribute the manuscript and all contents therein.
References
Amron, Usman, & Mursid, A. (2017). Buying decision in the marketing of Sharia life insurance (Evidence from Indonesia). Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(2), 370–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-02-2017-0013
Anderson, E. W. (1998). Customer satisfaction and word-of-mouth. Journal of Service Research, 1(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/109467059800100102
Andersen, P. H., & Sorensen, H. B. (1999). Reputational information: Its role in inter-organizational collaboration. Corporate Reputation Review, 2, 215–230. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1540081
Arndt, J. (1967). Word-of-mouth advertising and of informal communication. In D. F. Cox (Ed.), Risk taking and information handling in consumer behaviour (pp. 188–239). Harvard University Press.
Borghini, S., Golfetto, F., & Rinallo, D. (2006). Ongoing search among industrial buyers. Journal of Business Research, 59(10/11), 1151–1159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.06.005
Brossard, H. L. (1998). Information sources used by an organization during a complex decision process: An exploratory study. Industrial Marketing Management, 27(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(97)00003-5
Burnkrant, R. E., & Cousineau, A. (1975). Informational and normative social influence on buyer behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 2(3), 206–215.
Casalo, L. V., Flavian, C., & Guinaliu, M. (2008). The role of satisfaction and website usability in developing customer loyalty and positive word-of-mouth in the e-banking services. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 26(6), 399–417. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652320810902433
Chandrashekar, A. (2016, May 2). 10 reasons you need to buy life insurance. Business Today. https:// www.businesstoday.in/money/insurance/10-reasons-you-need-to-buy-life-insurance/story/ 225988.html
Christdoulides, G., Michaelidou, N., & Argyriou, E. (2012). Cross-national differences in e-WOM influence. European Journal of Marketing, 46(11/12), 1689–1707. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561211260040
Cortina, J. M. (1993). What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(1), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
Day, G. S. (1971). Attitude change media and word of mouth. Journal of Advertising Research, 11(6), 31–40.
Dichter, E. (1966). How word-of-mouth advertising works. Harvard Business Review, 44(6), 147–166.
Geyskens, I., Steenkamp, J., & Kumar, N. (1999). A Meta-analysis of satisfaction in marketing channel relationships. Journal of Marketing Research, 36(2), 223–238.
Gounaris, S., Dimitriadis, S., & Stathakopoulos, V. (2010). An examination of the effects of service quality and satisfaction on customers' behavioral intentions in e-shopping. Journal of Services Marketing, 24(2), 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041011031118
Hogan, J., Lemon, K. N., & Libai, B. (2004). Quantifying the ripple: Word-of-mouth and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Advertising Research, 44(3), 271–280. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021849904040243
Husin, M., Ismail, N., & Rahman, A. (2016). The roles of mass media, word of mouth and subjective norm in family takaful purchase intention. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 7(1), 59–73. https://www.deepdyve. com/lp/emerald-publishing/the-roles-of-mass-media-word-of-mouth-and-subjective-norm-in-family-AQ7r DBogmd
Johnson, D. S., & Grayson, K. (2000). Sources and dimensions of trust in service relationships. In T.A. Swartz & D. Lacobucci (Eds.), Handbook of services marketing & management (pp. 357–371). Sage Publications.
Kassim, N., & Abdullah, N. A. (2010). The effect of perceived service quality dimensions on customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty in e-commerce settings. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 22(3), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555851011062269
Kau, A. K., & Loh, E. W. Y. (2006). The effects of service recovery on consumer satisfaction: A comparison between complainants and non-complainants. Journal of Services Marketing, 20(2), 101–111. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/08876040610657039
Khuanbai, Y. (2019). Calculation of Sample Size. https://www.researchgate.net/post/Calculation_of_ Sample_ Size/5deb25caf8ea52201008c327/citation/download.
Kim, H., & Song, J. (2010). The quality of word-of-mouth in the online shopping mall. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 4(4), 376–390. https://doi.org/10.1108/17505931011092844
Komin, S. (1990). National character in the Thai nine value orientations. Thailand – United States Educational Foundation. http://www.thaisunset.com/downloads/Suntaree%20Komin%20Thai%20National%20 Character.pdf
Kotler P. (1988). Marketing management-analysis, planning, implementation and control (6th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Makkonen, H., Olkkonen, R., & Halinen, A. (2012). Organizational buying as muddling through: A practice theory approach. Journal of Business Research, 65(6), 773–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres. 2010.12.015
Manjeshwar, S., Sternquist, B., & Good, L. K. (2013). Decision making of retail buyers: Perspectives from China and India. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 16(1), 38–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 13522751311289758
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F.D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709–734. https://doi.org/10.2307/258792
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24–59. https://doi.org/10.2307/256727
Mortazavi, M., Esfidani, M. R., & Barzoki, A. S. (2014). Influencing VSN users’ purchase intentions: The roles of flow, trust and eWOM. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 8(2), 102–123. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/JRIM-08-2013-0057
Puttaiah, H. M., Holzheu, T., & Staib, D. (2019, July 4). Global insurance premiums exceed USD 5 trillion for the first time as pivot east continues, Swiss Re Institute’s latest sigma says. Swiss Re Group. https://www.swissre.com/media/news-releases/nr-20190704-sigma-3-2019.html
Santos, P., & Basso, K. (2012). Do ongoing relationships buffer the effects of service recovery on customers' trust and loyalty? International Journal of Bank Marketing, 30(3), 168–192. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 02652321211222540
Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (1997). Consumer behaviour (6th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Shi, S., & Chow, W. S. (2015). Trust development and transfer in social commerce: Prior experience as moderator. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 115(7), 1182–1203. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-01-2015-0019
Soares, A. M., Pinho, J. C., & Nobre, H. (2012). From social to marketing interactions: The role of social networks. Journal of Transnational Management, 17(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/15475778.2012. 650085
Stenroos, L. A., & Makkonen, H. S. (2014). Industrial buyers' use of references, word-of-mouth and reputation in complex buying situation. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 29(4), 344–352. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/JBIM-08-2013-0164
Terres, M. d. S., dos Santos, C. P., & Basso, K. (2015). Antecedents of the client’s trust in low-versus high-consequence decisions. Journal of Services Marketing, 29(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-11-2013-0295
Triantafillidou, A., & Siomkos, G. (2014). Consumption experience outcomes: Satisfaction, nostalgia intensity, word-of-mouth communication and behavioural intentions. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 31(6/7), 526–540. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-05-2014-0982
Unprasert, W. (Ed.) (2020). Phāp rūam thurakit prakanchīwit Thai trai māt sām pī sō̜ngphanhārō̜ihoksipsām
[Overview of Thai life insurance business, the third quarter of 2020]. Life Assurance Journal, 168, 10–11. https://online.pubhtml5.com/eeec/pksc/#p=10
Webster, F. E., & Wind, Y. (1972). Organizational buying behavior. Prentice Hall.
Wee, C. H., Lim, S. L., & Lwin, M. (1995). Word-of-mouth communication in Singapore: With focus on effects of message-sidedness, source, and user-type. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 7(1/2), 5–36. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb010260
Woo, J., Ahn, J., Lee, J., & Koo, Y. (2015). Media channels and consumer purchasing decisions. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 115(8), 1510–1528. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-02-2015-0036