The Lanna Pulpit: Identity, Wisdom, and Buddhist Cultural Heritage Aesthetics

Abstract

This research aims to: 1) explore and analyze the history and identity of the Lanna pulpit,2)examine the aesthetics reflected in the wisdom and craftsmanship of Lanna pulpit creation, and 3) develop methods for disseminating and transmitting knowledge of Lanna pulpit craftsmanship. This qualitative study was conducted in two significant temples: Wat Phra That Hariphunchai Woramahaviharn,MueangDistrict, Lamphun Province, and Wat Phra That Lampang Luang Woramahaviharn, Ko Kha District, Lampang Province. The research employed documentary review, in-depth interviews with 20 key informants, and focus group discussions with 6 experts. The data were analyzed using content analysis with descriptive interpretation.

The results revealed that: 1) The Lanna pulpit, or preaching platform, features architectural styles developed between the 17th and 19th centuries, aligned with Buddhist philosophy and teachings. The structure is divided into three main parts: the base, the preaching hall, and the roof. Each part carries religious significance, such as the lotus carvings symbolizing liberation from defilements and the Naga patterns representing the strict observance of monastic precepts. Some Dhammasats also feature carvings of celestial beings, symbolizing the deities' homage to the Dharma, which is considered a form of material worship, reflecting the Lanna people's belief in merit-making. The aesthetics of the Lanna pulpit are notable for their intricate design and decoration. The lotus motifs symbolize enlightenment, the vine patterns represent growth, and the cloud motifs signify liberation from suffering. These designs are meticulously crafted to reflect deep spiritual meanings. Moreover, the placement and design of the Dhammasat are intended to enhance the atmosphere for Dharma practice and the study of the Buddha’s teachings. The patterns and symbols used in its decoration help create a complete and conducive environment for spiritual practice. The development of processes for promoting and preserving the knowledge of Lanna pulpit construction emphasizes conservation through training, organizing activities, and employing digital technology to disseminate this knowledge to a broader audience. Exhibitions and art displays play an essential role in generating interest and encouraging the preservation of Lanna artistic heritage in modern times.