A Comparison of Chinese – Thai Ceramic in the 14th Century : a Case Study of Comparing patterns between Jindezhen and Sukhothai Ceramic

Abstract

The ceramics of Jingdezhen in the 14th century and Sukhothai in Thailand have represented a peak period in the development of ceramics in both countries, occupying an important position in their respective ceramic’s history. During this time, Thai ceramics were influenced by Chinese ceramics. The common thematic patterns were primarily animals and plants. In the 14th century, Chinese craftsmen came to Thailand to help Sukhothai develop the underglaze ceramic painting technology. After the Chinese craftsmen left, Sukhothai ceramic craftsmen created the highly distinctive Sangkhalok kiln in accordance with the demand for ceramics in Thailand and Southeast Asia. It exemplified the originality of Thai ceramic art in the 14th century and was full of regional charm. Its rich thematic implications have reflected the historical culture, folklore, and ceramic trade features of both regions. This provided the valuable reference for art studies and the inheritance of ceramic culture. It also symbolized the friendly cultural and artistic exchange between China and Thailand. The evolution of ceramics in both regions, mainly the development of underglaze painting ceramics, embodied the inheritance and innovation of the craftsmen in both countries, as well as the development of production techniques and aesthetics. The comparative study of ceramics patterns and shapes has revealed the connection between Chinese and Thai ceramic patterns and shapes. Although the arrangement of patterns in Chinese and Thai ceramics were consistent, the patterns of Sangkhalok kiln emphasized more local characteristics and expression methods, especially the unique fish pattern in Thailand. The preservation and inheritance of Chinese and Thai ceramic skills contributed and provided the reference and guidance for subsequent creations.