Guidelines for Preventing Mental Health Issues in Educational Institutions: Insights from Stakeholders’ Understanding and Needs

Abstract

   This study aimed to explore the understanding of the meaning and current situation of mental health, as well as to analyze the needs and preventive approaches to mental health problems in educational institutions from the perspectives of stakeholders. A qualitative research methodology was employed at a university in the upper northern region of Thailand. Ten key informants—students, lecturers, and mental health service providers—were selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and semi-structured focus group discussions. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and credibility was established using the method of triangulation.

   The findings revealed that the understanding of mental health among stakeholders reflects the view that mental health consists of elements related to an individual's thoughts, perspectives, and emotions. These elements influence behavior, decision-making, and interpersonal relationships. Good mental health leads to happiness and a positive outlook, while poor mental health may cause individuals to perceive everything negatively. Common mental health issues among students included stress, depression, and feelings of worthlessness, which were influenced by various factors such as family issues, financial burdens, adjustment difficulties, and social pressure. Observable symptoms included social withdrawal, insomnia, loss of appetite, and absenteeism. The needs for mental health problem prevention include the need for someone to listen and the need for initial support in screening and monitoring mental health issues. Effective preventive measures should focus on establishing surveillance systems, building a support network, enhancing the capacity of counseling centers, promoting positive relationships between lecturers and students, and creating a safe and supportive learning environment. Additionally, encouraging social activities, physical exercise, and the use of mental health screening tools for early detection and referral were recommended. Collaboration among all sectors within the educational institution is essential for the sustainable prevention and management of mental health problems.