Supporting Factors of Stakeholder Participation in Tourism Development Process in Living Heritage Area: a Case Study of Iwami Ginzan, Japan
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to consider supporting factors of stakeholder participation in development process of sustainable tourism in living heritage area by reviewing relevant theories and analyzing the development of sustainable tourism in Iwami Ginzan area, Japan.
The review of relevant theories shows that the participation of residents, citizen and local government who have interest in living environment conservation, cultural heritage preservation, and tourism promotion, is an important factor in the promotion of sustainable tourism in living heritage area. However, problems among stakeholders are also found, such as the lack of interest on problem, the lack of deliberative process, conflicts of interest, which prevent effective policy from being enforced.
After being registered as a World Heritage Site, it was predicted that Iwami Ginzan area would face negative impact from tourism. However, with continuous collaboration between local residents, general public, and the local government in enacting sustainable tourism policy, tourism impact in Iwami Ginzan area can be controlled, while cultural tourism suitable to its capacity is created.
This paper reveals how the stakeholder participation process in Iwami Ginzan area can be divided into 3 parts, namely: 1) problems definition process, 2) planning process, and 3) implementation process. It is also found that supporting factors such as education of area’s value and tourism impact, information sharing among stakeholders, or the establishment of deliberative process, positively contribute towards stakeholders’ participation in the development process of sustainable tourism.
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References
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