制造企业智能化转型、劳动力结构优化对创新绩效的影响——基于要素投入的调节效应
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摘要
在中国经济进入新常态的大背景下，面对外部技术溢出效应的消失和经济下行压力，制造业的智能化转型成为推动创新驱动发展的重要举措。人工智能在制造业中的渗透引起学术界的广泛关注，但是现有研究大多基于宏观层面，且侧重于单方面的研究，缺乏对智能化转型影响创新绩效的机制研究。通过对 2013-2022 年 A 股制造业上市公司数据进行实证分析，研究发现智能化转型正向显著影响创新绩效，劳动力结构优化在智能化转型和创新绩效之间起着部分中介作用。在这一过程中，制造业智能化投资和应用对创新绩效均有显著正向影响，且智能化转型显著减少常规低技能劳动力的占比，增加非常规高技能劳动力的占比，对常规中等技能劳动力占比没有显著影响。此外，人力资本和资本强度投入对劳动力结构优化和创新绩效提升均产生正向调节作用。本研究为制造业在智能化转型过程中提升创新绩效提供了理论指导和实践建议。
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Chinese Journal of Social Science and Management Editorial Division
The Office of Research and Development, Panyapiwat Institute of Management
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Tel. 02 855 01048 E-mail: cjssm@pim.ac.th
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