ความสามารถในการแข่งขันของสินค้าเกษตรที่สำคัญของไทยในตลาดจีน

Abstract

The aim of this article is to study the competitiveness of Thai agricultural commodities in the Chinese market the growth of which may benefit Thai agriculture.

The commodities studied cover rice, tapioca, sugar, fruits and rubber. Competitiveness is measured by market share, Concentration Ratio Index, Trend of Export, RCA, Dynamic RCA and Competitiveness effect from CMS model.

The results show declining competitiveness in rice, tapioca, sugar and natural rubber but increasing in compound rubber, vulcanized rubber, tapioca starch and fruits. Thai rice is found to be less competitive because of competition with local Chinese long-grain rice. Thailand competitiveness also suffered from the malpractice of mixing Thai Hommali rice with other varieties leading to loss of consumers’ confidence.

The competitiveness of Thai tapioca was lessened by the outbreak of “Mealy Bug”. The shrinkage of export market of sugar was due to increase of the capacity production of sugarcane in China including investment from Thailand. For Thai natural rubber a structural change in China’s imports. A shift in demand for rubber smoked sheets to rubber block had reduced competitiveness in natural rubber sheets. Compound rubber appeared to be the only bright spot for rubber market in China. Vulcanized rubber was less competitive in the last 2 -3 years.