Relationships between Leader-Member Exchange and Employee Creativity The Sequential Mediating Roles of Psychological Empowerment and Intrinsic Motivation

Main Article Content

Suparak Futemwong
Tassanee Homklin

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationships between leader-member exchange and creativity through the mediating roles of psychological empowerment and intrinsic motivation. The sample used in this study was 395 operating employees in private companies, Chiang Mai province. The reliability of alpha coefficient of each measure was between .74 to .95. Goodness of Fit of the hypothesis model and data collected was analyzed with path analysis by using maximum likelihood estimation.


The results showed that leader-member exchange has a positive relationship with creativity through psychological empowerment and intrinsic motivation (p < .001) (Sequential Mediation). The suggestions for future research, this study was collected data by using a self-report from employees. It might be received information in only one side from the subordinate. Therefore, future research should collect data from both leaders and subordinates to compare data from both sides. In addition, future research might examine other variables that related to leadership (e.g. transformational leadership and transactional leadership). And the sample should be different and more specific career. In order to know more about the factors that will be cause of creativity and increase employee creativity.

Article Details

Section
Research Articles

References

กัลยา วานิชย์บัญชา. (2556). การวิเคราะห์สมการโครงสร้าง (SEM) ด้วย AMOS. กรุงเทพฯ: สามลดา.

ชูชัย สมิทธิไกร. (2557). จิตวิทยาอุตสาหกรรมและองค์การ (พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 2). กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักพิมพ์แห่งจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย.

นิตยา สง่าวงษ์. (2545). ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจด้านโครงสร้าง การเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจด้านจิตใจ การแลกเปลี่ยนระหว่างหัวหน้าหอผู้ป่วย และพยาบาลประจำการ กับความพึงพอใจในงานของพยาบาลประจำการ (วิทยานิพนธ์ปริญญามหาบัณฑิต ไม่ได้ตีพิมพ์). จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, กรุงเทพฯ.

สำนักงานคณะกรรมการพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ. (2560). แผนพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ ฉบับที่สิบสอง พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๐ - ๒๕๖๔.

สุมาลี สุธีกุล. (2557). กลยุทธ์การบริหารเพื่อเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจของครูในโรงเรียนประถมศึกษา (วิทยานิพนธ์ปริญญาดุษฎีบัณฑิต ไม่ได้ตีพิมพ์). จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, กรุงเทพฯ.

Amabile, T. M. (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 123-167.

Amabile, T. M., Hil, K. G., Hennessey, B. A., & Tighe, E. M. (1994). The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations: Correction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 950-967.

Amabile, T. M. (1998). How to kill creativity. Harvard Business Review, 76(5), 77-87.

Andriopoulos, C. (2001). Determinants of organisational creativity: A literature review. Management Decision, 39(10), 834-841.

Aryee, S., & Chen, Z. X. (2006). Leader–member exchange in a Chinese context: Antecedents, the mediating role of psychological empowerment and outcomes. Journal of Business Research, 59(7), 793–801.

Aslam, S. (2017). Psychological empowerment on creativity among employees of IT sector: The mediating role of creative process engagement and intrinsic motivation. Canadian Social Science, 13(6), 11-34.

Choi, D. Y., Lee, K. C., Chae, S. W. (2012). The effect of individual psychological characteristics on creativity revelation: Emphasis with psychological empowerment and intrinsic motivation. In F. M. Zanzotto, S. Tsumoto, N. Taatgen, & Y. Yao (Eds.), Brain Informatics, BI 2012 (Vol 7670, pp. 130–139). Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Chughtai, A. A. (2014). Can ethical leaders enhance their followers' creativity? Leadership, 12(2), 230-249.

Coelho, F., Augusto, M., & Lages, L., F. (2011). Contextual factors and the creativity of frontline employees: The mediating effects of role stress and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Retailing, 87(1), 31–45.

Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471-482.

Dansereau, F., Graen, G.B., & Haga, W. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership in formal organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13, 46-78.

De Jesus, S. N., Rus, C. L., Lens, W., & Imaginário, S. (2013). Intrinsic motivation and creativity related to product: A meta-analysis of the studies published between 1990–2010. Creativity Research Journal, 25(1), 80–84.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum.

Deci, E. L., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Ryan, R. M. (1991). Motivation and education: The self-determination perspective. Educational Psychologist, 26(3), 325-346.

Dulebohn, J. H., Bommer, W. H., Liden, R. C., Brouer, R. L., & Ferris, G. R. (2012). A meta-analysis of antecedents and consequences of leader-member exchange: Integrating the past with an eye toward the future. Journal of Management, 38(6), 1715-1759.

Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993). An introduction to the bootstrap. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall /CRC.

Fook, C. Y., Brinten, L., Sidhu, G. K., & Fooi, F. S. (2011). Relationships between psychological empowerment with work motivation and withdrawal intention among secondary school principals in Malaysia. Social and Behavioral Sciences, (15), 2907-2911.

Gagné, M., Senécal, C. B., & Koestner, R. (1997). Proximal job characteristics, feelings of empowerment, and intrinsic motivation: A multidimensional model. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(14), 1222-1240.

Gómez, C., & Rosen, B. (2001). The leader–member exchange as a link between managerial trust and employee empowerment. Group & Organization Management, 26(1), 53-69.

Gu, Q. X., Tang, T. L. P., & Jiang, W. (2015). Does moral leadership enhance employee creativity? Employee identification with leader and leader-member exchange (LMX) in the Chinese context. Journal of Business Ethics, 126(3), 513–529.

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). New York: Pearson.

Hannam, K., & Narayan, A. (2015). Intrinsic motivation, organizational justice, and creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 27(2), 214-224.

Honold, L. (1997). A review of the literature on employee empowerment. Empowerment in Organizations, 5(4), 202-212.

Joseph, D. L., Newman, D. A., & Sin, H. P. (2011). Leader-member exchange (LMX) measurement: Evidence for consensus, construct breadth, and discriminant validity. Research Methodology in Strategy and Management, 6, 89-135.

Kim, B., & George, R. T. (2005). The relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and psychological empowerment: A quick casual restaurant employee correlation study. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 29(4), 468-483.

Liden, R. C., & Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multi-dimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24, 43–72.

Liden, R. C., Wu, J. B., Cao, A. X., & Wayne, S. J. (2015). Leader‐member exchange measurement. In T. N. Bauer & B. Erdogan (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of leader­member exchange. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Meng, Y., Tan, J., & Li, J. (2017). Abusive supervision by academic supervisors and postgraduate research students’ creativity: The mediating role of leader–member exchange and intrinsic motivation. International Journal of Leadership in Education, (20)5, 605-617.

Miller, K., & Monge, P. (1986). Participation, satisfaction, and productivity: A meta-analytic review. The Academy of Management Journal, 29(4), 727-753.

Nahavandi, A. (2008).The art and science of leadership. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Pan, W., Sun, L., & Chow, I. H. S. (2012). Leader-member exchange and employee creativity: Test of a multilevel moderated mediation model. Human Performance, 25(5), 432-451.

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers. 36(4), 717–731.

Reeve, J., & Sickenius, B. (1994). Development and validation of a brief measure of the three psychological needs underlying intrinsic motivation: The Afs scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54(2), 506-515.

Scott, S., & Bruce, R. (1994). Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace. The Academy of Management Journal, 37, 580-607.

Shalley, C. E., & Gilson, L. L. (2004). What leaders need to know: A review of social and contextual factors that can foster or hinder creativity. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 33-53.

Shalley, C. E., Zhou, J., & Oldham, G. R. (2004). The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here? Journal of Management, 30(6), 933-958.

Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. The Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442-1465.

Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An interpretive model of intrinsic task motivation. The Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666-681.

Tierney, P., Farmer, S. M., & Graen, G. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships, Personnel Psychology, 52, 591–620.

Walsh, J. P. (1995). Managerial and organizational cognition notes from a trip down memory lane. Organization Science, 6, 280-321.

Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in organizations. Boston: Pearson.

Zhang, X. M., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 53, 107–128.

Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 682-696.

Translated Thai References

Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council. (2017). Phæn phatthana setthakit læ sangkhom hæng chat chabap thi sip song Pho So 2560-2564 [The twelfth national economic and social development plan 2017-2021].

Sangawong, N. (2002). Khwamsamphan rawang kan sœmsang phalang amnat dan khrongsang kan sœmsang phalang amnat dan chitchai kan lækplian rawang huana ho phupuai læ phayaban prachamkan kap khwamphưngpho̜chai nai ngan khong phayaban prachamkan [Relationships between structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, head nurse-staff nurse exchange, and job satisfaction of staff nurses, hospitals under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense] (Unpublished master’s thesis). Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.

Smithikrai, C. (2014). Chittawitthaya utsahakam læ ongkan [Industrial and Organizational Psychology] (2nd ed.). Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press.

Sumalee Suteekul. (2014). Konlayut kanborihan phưa sœmsang phalang amnat khong khru nai rongrian prathom sưksa [Management strategies to enhance teacher empowerment in elementary schools] (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.

Wanitbancha, K. (2013). Kan wikhro̜ samakan khrongsang ( SEM ) duai AMOS [Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS]. Bangkok: Samon da.