A Genealogy of Human Nature and the State in Political Philosophy
Keywords:
Genealogy, Human Nature, State, Political PhilosophyAbstract
This research article focuses on the understanding of the relationship between human nature and the origins/duties of state in terms of political philosophy, including the understanding of state, citizen and sovereignty. It also gives an alternative to the study of the state and its right of existence with new perspectives on political philosophy, by shedding light on historical philosophy and genealogical approaches. The research deals with interpretative analysis on documentary research, by focusing on the genealogical approach in its qualitative methodology.
The result of the study shows that the political thought on human nature is related to that of the state origins and existence in 4 perspectives, namely the absolutist view, the populist view, the fictional view and constitutionalism and constituent power. In addition, the research presents 6 ideologies of the state; that is to say, Liberalism, Pluralism, Neo-right Ideology, Social Contract Theory, Statism and Republicanism and Marxist. Moreover, it reveals three significant points. Firstly, the study shows a broader view of the concept of state apart from the definition of territory and boundary. Secondly, the genealogical perspectives on the concept of state reveal a wider area and complex scopes of political science and political studies, especially on the context of modern political society where the state is bound to various issues of non-state actors in the modern political world, both within and outside states. Thirdly, the study of the genealogy of the state inquires into state powers, scopes and how to place a modern state in the modern context.
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