The Evolution of Indonesian Horror Cinema From its Beginnings to the Post-Reform Era and the Case of Vina: Before 7 Days

Abstract

This article examines the evolution and role of Indonesian horror cinema, tracing its development from its beginnings under Dutch colonial influence and the subsequent transfer of technology to Chinese producers, before Indonesians took a leading role in the 1920s-1950s, with Usmar Ismail recognized as the father of Indonesian cinema. The nation’s diverse cultural and ethnic landscape has fostered rich folklore, myths, and beliefs about the supernatural, providing ample material for filmmaking that resonates with a broad audience, particularly in Southeast Asia, which shares similar cultural foundations. Currently, horror films blended with the supernatural genre are increasingly popular, especially those based on true events, which often critique social issues such as gender inequality, economic disparities, and access to justice. These persistent regional issues drive the continued production of ghost stories. Vina: Before 7 Days serves as a key example of this evolution, presenting a narrative derived from a real-life crime that shocked Indonesian society and highlighting issues of sexual violence and injustice. The fusion of spiritual beliefs with horror elements not only entertains but also raises awareness of ongoing social problems in Indonesia.