Health Promotion and Health Behavior Model of the Elderly in Thailand: A Systematic Review
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the health promotion models used and health behaviors of the elderly in Thailand by adopting a systematic search for relevant articles from appropriate databases published between 2017 and 2021. The PICO framework search terms were used and represent Problem/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome. The systematic review process adopted was according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, and Heller’s research article quality assessment form was adopted. The data collected indicated that effective health promotion for the elderly involved participation of the community in caring. Involvement included group discussions between seniors, caregivers, community leaders, and community representatives. Well-designed health promotion programs resulted in the elderly having high levels of self-care including knowledge, attitude, and behaviors. In addition, adoption of an adequate health promotion model for the elderly involved families. Most health promotion models incorporated health education and group discussions about health literacy, and they emphasized five health behaviors that improved the health of the elderly; these included proper eating, exercising, emotions, stopping smoking, and stopping drinking. The adoption of an elderly health promotion model that encouraged self-practice improved the health behaviors of the elderly.
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