Faculty-Student Engagements: Dimensional Aspirants or Deterrents
Keywords:
student engagement, faculty engagement, student success, faculty-student engagement modelAbstract
Workforce engagement is a key organizational factor with a set of determinants for organizational excellence for profit or nonprofit businesses that include healthcare and educational establishments. The “engagement” hype has spilled over into the higher educational institutions (HEIs) where student engagement is claimed as a key factor for student success, and is becoming a potentially important measure of student success. While it is recognized that student engagement is important, most HEIs have forgotten that it takes “two to tango”. The premise underlying this paper is that for successful faculty-student engagement, one would need to look at both sides of the aspiring and deterring determinants equation of student and faculty engagements. These determinants represent two sides of the “faculty-student tango engagement” equation, of which this paper aimed to explore. It examined the two main determining dimensions of environmental factors and behavioral factors of both faculty and students. In the environmental dimension, the normal determinants were the organizational factors, work psychological climate and loyalty enhancers. The behavioral dimension explored the psychological and emotive behavior together with personal and beliefs disposition. In determining the aspirants or deterrents dimensions, it aimed at identifying key fundamentals of a holistic framework for faculty-student engagement determinants, which when clarified will potentially strengthen the engagement foundation of institution success underlying student success.
References
Allen, N. J., and Meyer, J. P. (1990). Organizational socialization tactics: A longitudinal analysis of links to newcomers‟ commitment and role orientation. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 847-858
Aon Hewitt Consulting (2011 a), „Trends in global employee engagement‟ retrieved on 16 January 2016 at http://www.aon.com/attachments/thoughtleadership/Trends_Global_Employee_Engagement_Final.pdf
ASTD, (2008), ASTD/i4cp Learning and Engagement Study, American Society for Training & Development (ASTD) Research Department and Institute for Corporate Productivity (i4cp), www.astd.org/content/research
Baumruk, R. (2004), The missing link: the role of employee engagement in business success, Workspan, Vol. 47, pp48-52
Allen, N. J., and Meyer, J.P. (1990). Organizational socialization tactics: A longitudinal analysis of links to newcomers commitment and role orientation. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 847-858.
Aon Hewitt Consulting. (2011 a). Trends in global employee engagement. Retrieved from http://www.aon.com/attachments/thoughtleadership/Trends_Global)_Employee_Engagement_Final.pdf.
ASTD. (2008). ASTD/i4cp Learning and Engagement Study. American Society for Training & Development (ASTD) Research Department and Institute for Corporate Productivity (i4cp). Retrived from www.astd.org/content/research
Baumruk. R. (2004). The missing link: the role of employee engagement in business success. Workspan, 47, p 48-52.
Bakker, A.B., and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008) Positive organizational behavior: engaged employees in thriving organizations Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29. 147-154.
Blau, P. (1964) Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Bob Hayes. (2012) Clarifying Employee Engagement: A Review of Four Employee Engagement Measures. Customer Experience Management, Employee Engagement.
Brown, S. P., and Leigh, T. W. (1996).A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, p 53-63.
Buchanan, D. and Huczynski, A. (2004). Organizational Behavior: An introductory text (5th ed. Harlow, FT/Prentice Hall.
Conference Board (2006) Employee Engagement, A Review of Current Research and
Corporate Leadership Council. (2004). Drivinng performance and retention through employee engagement. Retrieved from http://www.mckpeople.com.au/SiteMedia/w3svc161Uploads/Documets/760af459-93b3-43c7-b52a-2a74e984c1a 0.pdf.
Cropanzano R. and Mitchell, M.S. (2005). Social exchange theory: an interdisciplinary review, Journal of Management, 31. p. 874-900.
Ethugala, C.V. (2011). Expectations of the Private and Civil Stakeholders Responsiveness of the State Sector: Tea Industry of Sri Lanka. Journal of APBITM, (1),,p. 13-19.
Ferguson, A. (2007). Employee engagement: Does it exist, and if so, how does it relate to performance, other constructs and individual differences?. Retrived from http://www.lifethatworks.com/Employee-Egageennt.prn.pdf.
Ferguson, A., (2007), Employee engagement: Does it exist, and if so, how does it relate to performance, other constructs and individual differences? http://www.lifethatworks.com/Employee-Engagement.prn.pdf, Accessed 16 January 2016
Ferrer, J. (2005), Employee Engagement: Is it Organizational Commitment Renamed? In: Victoria University. Melbourne, Australia (unpublished working paper, retrieved from http://eprints.vu.edu.au/123/1/wp8 2005 ferrer.pdf.
Frank, F.D., Finnegan, R.P. and Taylor, C.R. (2004). The race for talent: retaining and engaging workers in the 21st century, Human Resource Planning, 27(3), 12-25.
Gallup Organisation (2004). [online] Available at: www.gallup.com. Accessed 18 January 2016
Goodard, R.G. (1999). In-time, out-time: A qualitative exploration of time use by managers in an organization, Dissertation Abstracts International. University Microfilms International, USA
Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Hayes, T.L. (2002). Business-unit level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a metaanalysis, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87. p 268-79.
Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Keyes, C.L. (2003). Well-being in the workplace and its relationship to business outcomes: A review of the Gallup studies. The Positive Person and the Good Life, p. 205-224.
Hewitt Associates LLC (2004). Research Brief: employee engagement higher at double digit growth companies. Retrieved from www.hewitt.com
Homans, G.C. (1958). Social Behavior as Exchange. American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 63, pp. 597-606.
Inforsurv, (NA), Measuring Employee Engagement, Atlanta, GA, retrieved 16 January 2016 from www.inforsurv.com
James, J. B., Swanberg, J. E., and McKechnie, S. P. (2007). Responsive workplaces for older workers: Job quality, flexibility and employee engagement. An Issue in Brief #11. Chestnut Hill, MA: The Center for Aging and Work/Workplace Flexibility at Boston College
Johns, G. (2001). In praise of context. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 31-42
Kahn, W. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692-724
Karatepe, O.M., and Demir, E., (2014), Linking core self-evaluations and work engagement to work–family facilitation. Int. J. Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26, 307-323
Kevin Kruse is the creator of the Leading for Employee Engagement eLearning program for managers and author of the bestselling book, Employee Engagement 2.0
Kim, B.P., Murrmann, S.L., and Lee, G., (2009a) Moderating effects of gender and organizational level between role stress and job satisfaction among hotel employees, International Journal Hospitality Management 28, 612–619
Kim, H.J., Shin, K.H., and Swanger, N., (2009b), Burnout and engagement: a comparative analysis using the Big Five personality dimensions, International Journal Hospitality Management 28, 96–104
Koyuncu, M., Burke, R.J., and Fiksenbaum, L., (2006), Work engagement among women managers and professionals in a Turkish bank: potential antecedents and consequences, Equal Opportunity nternational, 25, 299–310
Macey, W. H., and Schneider, B., (2015), The Employee Engagement Construct: psychological climate among hotel employees, International Journal of Hospitality Management 44 (2015) 84–98
Macey, W. H., and Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1, 3-30
Mani, V. (2011). Analysis of Employee Engagement and its predictors. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. Vol.1. No.2
Maslach, C., and Leiter, M.P., (1997), The Truth About Burnout, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B., and Leiter, M.P., (2001), Job burnout, Annual Review of Psychology 52,397-422.
May, D.R. Gilson, R.L. and Harter, L.M., (2004), The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol 77, pp11-37
McCashland, C.R., (1999), Core Components of the service climate: Linkages to customer satisfaction and profitability. Dissertation Abstracts International. University Microfilms International, USA
Miles, R.H., (2001), Beyond the age of Dilbert: Accelerating corporate transformations by rapidly engaging all employees, Organizational Dynamics, 29(4), pp 313-321
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., and Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. New York: Academic Press
Meyer, J. P., and Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research, and application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., and Smith, C. A. (1997). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 538-551.
Ologbo, C. A. and Saudah S, (2012), Individual Factors and Work Outcomes of Employee Engagement, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 40, pp. 498 – 508
O’Neill, B. S., and Arendt, L. A. (2008). Psychological climate and work attitudes: The importance of telling the right story. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14, 353-370.
Purcell, J., Kinnie, N., Hutchinson, S., Rayton, B. and Swart, J. (2003), Understanding the People and Performance Link: Unlocking the Black Box, London, CIPD
Roberts, J.V., (2006), Employee engagement and commitment: A guide to understanding, measuring and increasing engagement in your organization. US: SHRM Foundation
Robinson, D., Perryman, S. and Hayday, S. (2004) The Drivers of Employee Engagement. Brighton, Institute for Employment Studies
Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., and Armeli, S. (2001). Affective commitment to the organization: The contribution of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 825-836
Richman, A. (2006), Everyone wants an engaged workforce how can you create it? Workspan, Vol. 49, pp36-39
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 600-619
Schaufeli, W.B., and Bakker, A.B., 2003. UWES – Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: Test Manual. Utrecht University, Department of Psychology, Retrieved from http://www.schaufeli.com
Schaufeli, W.B., Salanova, M., Gonzalez-Roma, V., and Bakker, A.B., 2002. The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two simple confirmatory factor analytic approach. J. Happiness Study. 3, 71–92
Seijts, G.H and Crim, D. (2006) „What engages employees the most or, the ten C‟s of employee engagement‟, Ivey Business Journal, March/April, pp1-5
Shaw, K. (2005), An engagement strategy process for communicators, Strategic Communication Management, Vol. 9, No 3, pp26-29
Towers Perrin. (2003). Working today: Understanding what drives employee engagement. Retrieved 16 January 2016 from http://www.towersperrin.com/tp/getwebcachedoc?webc=hrs/usa/2003/200309/talent_2003.pdf
Towers Perrin. (2007). closing the engagement gap: A road map for driving superior business performance. Retrieved 16 January 2016 from http://www.biworldwide.com/info/pdf/Towers_Perrin_Global_Workforce_Study.pdf
Towers Watson (2009), Turbo-Charging Employee Engagement: The power of recognition from managers-Part I, retrieved on 16 January 2016 at http://www.towerswatson.com/en-GB/Insights/IC-Types/Survey-Research-Results/2009/12/Turbocharging-Employee-Engagement-The-Power-of-Recognition-From-Managers-Part-1
Aon Hewitt Consulting (2011 a), „Trends in global employee engagement‟ retrieved on 16 January 2016 at http://www.aon.com/attachments/thoughtleadership/Trends_Global_Employee_Engagement_Final.pdf
ASTD, (2008), ASTD/i4cp Learning and Engagement Study, American Society for Training & Development (ASTD) Research Department and Institute for Corporate Productivity (i4cp), www.astd.org/content/research
Baumruk, R. (2004), The missing link: the role of employee engagement in business success, Workspan, Vol. 47, pp48-52
Allen, N. J., and Meyer, J.P. (1990). Organizational socialization tactics: A longitudinal analysis of links to newcomers commitment and role orientation. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 847-858.
Aon Hewitt Consulting. (2011 a). Trends in global employee engagement. Retrieved from http://www.aon.com/attachments/thoughtleadership/Trends_Global)_Employee_Engagement_Final.pdf.
ASTD. (2008). ASTD/i4cp Learning and Engagement Study. American Society for Training & Development (ASTD) Research Department and Institute for Corporate Productivity (i4cp). Retrived from www.astd.org/content/research
Baumruk. R. (2004). The missing link: the role of employee engagement in business success. Workspan, 47, p 48-52.
Bakker, A.B., and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008) Positive organizational behavior: engaged employees in thriving organizations Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29. 147-154.
Blau, P. (1964) Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Bob Hayes. (2012) Clarifying Employee Engagement: A Review of Four Employee Engagement Measures. Customer Experience Management, Employee Engagement.
Brown, S. P., and Leigh, T. W. (1996).A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, p 53-63.
Buchanan, D. and Huczynski, A. (2004). Organizational Behavior: An introductory text (5th ed. Harlow, FT/Prentice Hall.
Conference Board (2006) Employee Engagement, A Review of Current Research and
Corporate Leadership Council. (2004). Drivinng performance and retention through employee engagement. Retrieved from http://www.mckpeople.com.au/SiteMedia/w3svc161Uploads/Documets/760af459-93b3-43c7-b52a-2a74e984c1a 0.pdf.
Cropanzano R. and Mitchell, M.S. (2005). Social exchange theory: an interdisciplinary review, Journal of Management, 31. p. 874-900.
Ethugala, C.V. (2011). Expectations of the Private and Civil Stakeholders Responsiveness of the State Sector: Tea Industry of Sri Lanka. Journal of APBITM, (1),,p. 13-19.
Ferguson, A. (2007). Employee engagement: Does it exist, and if so, how does it relate to performance, other constructs and individual differences?. Retrived from http://www.lifethatworks.com/Employee-Egageennt.prn.pdf.
Ferguson, A., (2007), Employee engagement: Does it exist, and if so, how does it relate to performance, other constructs and individual differences? http://www.lifethatworks.com/Employee-Engagement.prn.pdf, Accessed 16 January 2016
Ferrer, J. (2005), Employee Engagement: Is it Organizational Commitment Renamed? In: Victoria University. Melbourne, Australia (unpublished working paper, retrieved from http://eprints.vu.edu.au/123/1/wp8 2005 ferrer.pdf.
Frank, F.D., Finnegan, R.P. and Taylor, C.R. (2004). The race for talent: retaining and engaging workers in the 21st century, Human Resource Planning, 27(3), 12-25.
Gallup Organisation (2004). [online] Available at: www.gallup.com. Accessed 18 January 2016
Goodard, R.G. (1999). In-time, out-time: A qualitative exploration of time use by managers in an organization, Dissertation Abstracts International. University Microfilms International, USA
Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Hayes, T.L. (2002). Business-unit level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a metaanalysis, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87. p 268-79.
Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Keyes, C.L. (2003). Well-being in the workplace and its relationship to business outcomes: A review of the Gallup studies. The Positive Person and the Good Life, p. 205-224.
Hewitt Associates LLC (2004). Research Brief: employee engagement higher at double digit growth companies. Retrieved from www.hewitt.com
Homans, G.C. (1958). Social Behavior as Exchange. American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 63, pp. 597-606.
Inforsurv, (NA), Measuring Employee Engagement, Atlanta, GA, retrieved 16 January 2016 from www.inforsurv.com
James, J. B., Swanberg, J. E., and McKechnie, S. P. (2007). Responsive workplaces for older workers: Job quality, flexibility and employee engagement. An Issue in Brief #11. Chestnut Hill, MA: The Center for Aging and Work/Workplace Flexibility at Boston College
Johns, G. (2001). In praise of context. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 31-42
Kahn, W. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692-724
Karatepe, O.M., and Demir, E., (2014), Linking core self-evaluations and work engagement to work–family facilitation. Int. J. Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26, 307-323
Kevin Kruse is the creator of the Leading for Employee Engagement eLearning program for managers and author of the bestselling book, Employee Engagement 2.0
Kim, B.P., Murrmann, S.L., and Lee, G., (2009a) Moderating effects of gender and organizational level between role stress and job satisfaction among hotel employees, International Journal Hospitality Management 28, 612–619
Kim, H.J., Shin, K.H., and Swanger, N., (2009b), Burnout and engagement: a comparative analysis using the Big Five personality dimensions, International Journal Hospitality Management 28, 96–104
Koyuncu, M., Burke, R.J., and Fiksenbaum, L., (2006), Work engagement among women managers and professionals in a Turkish bank: potential antecedents and consequences, Equal Opportunity nternational, 25, 299–310
Macey, W. H., and Schneider, B., (2015), The Employee Engagement Construct: psychological climate among hotel employees, International Journal of Hospitality Management 44 (2015) 84–98
Macey, W. H., and Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1, 3-30
Mani, V. (2011). Analysis of Employee Engagement and its predictors. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. Vol.1. No.2
Maslach, C., and Leiter, M.P., (1997), The Truth About Burnout, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B., and Leiter, M.P., (2001), Job burnout, Annual Review of Psychology 52,397-422.
May, D.R. Gilson, R.L. and Harter, L.M., (2004), The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol 77, pp11-37
McCashland, C.R., (1999), Core Components of the service climate: Linkages to customer satisfaction and profitability. Dissertation Abstracts International. University Microfilms International, USA
Miles, R.H., (2001), Beyond the age of Dilbert: Accelerating corporate transformations by rapidly engaging all employees, Organizational Dynamics, 29(4), pp 313-321
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., and Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. New York: Academic Press
Meyer, J. P., and Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research, and application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., and Smith, C. A. (1997). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 538-551.
Ologbo, C. A. and Saudah S, (2012), Individual Factors and Work Outcomes of Employee Engagement, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 40, pp. 498 – 508
O’Neill, B. S., and Arendt, L. A. (2008). Psychological climate and work attitudes: The importance of telling the right story. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14, 353-370.
Purcell, J., Kinnie, N., Hutchinson, S., Rayton, B. and Swart, J. (2003), Understanding the People and Performance Link: Unlocking the Black Box, London, CIPD
Roberts, J.V., (2006), Employee engagement and commitment: A guide to understanding, measuring and increasing engagement in your organization. US: SHRM Foundation
Robinson, D., Perryman, S. and Hayday, S. (2004) The Drivers of Employee Engagement. Brighton, Institute for Employment Studies
Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., and Armeli, S. (2001). Affective commitment to the organization: The contribution of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 825-836
Richman, A. (2006), Everyone wants an engaged workforce how can you create it? Workspan, Vol. 49, pp36-39
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 600-619
Schaufeli, W.B., and Bakker, A.B., 2003. UWES – Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: Test Manual. Utrecht University, Department of Psychology, Retrieved from http://www.schaufeli.com
Schaufeli, W.B., Salanova, M., Gonzalez-Roma, V., and Bakker, A.B., 2002. The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two simple confirmatory factor analytic approach. J. Happiness Study. 3, 71–92
Seijts, G.H and Crim, D. (2006) „What engages employees the most or, the ten C‟s of employee engagement‟, Ivey Business Journal, March/April, pp1-5
Shaw, K. (2005), An engagement strategy process for communicators, Strategic Communication Management, Vol. 9, No 3, pp26-29
Towers Perrin. (2003). Working today: Understanding what drives employee engagement. Retrieved 16 January 2016 from http://www.towersperrin.com/tp/getwebcachedoc?webc=hrs/usa/2003/200309/talent_2003.pdf
Towers Perrin. (2007). closing the engagement gap: A road map for driving superior business performance. Retrieved 16 January 2016 from http://www.biworldwide.com/info/pdf/Towers_Perrin_Global_Workforce_Study.pdf
Towers Watson (2009), Turbo-Charging Employee Engagement: The power of recognition from managers-Part I, retrieved on 16 January 2016 at http://www.towerswatson.com/en-GB/Insights/IC-Types/Survey-Research-Results/2009/12/Turbocharging-Employee-Engagement-The-Power-of-Recognition-From-Managers-Part-1
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Published
2016-12-28
How to Cite
Shawyun, T., & Wattanasap, S. (2016). Faculty-Student Engagements: Dimensional Aspirants or Deterrents. ASEAN Journal of Education, 2(1), 1–22. Retrieved from https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AJE/article/view/180761
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