语料库视野下的现代汉语“狮”字释义研究
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摘要
伴随世界范围内的汉语学习热潮，中国以外汉语学习者对汉语学习词典的编纂和功能提出更高的要求。对比英语词典的释义，汉语词典在义项数量和新技术的运用上都存在差距。以动物名词“狮子” (Lion) 为例，从北京大学现代汉语语料库（CCL语料库）中搜索含有“狮”字的全部语料 8787 条，逐条进行分析标注。借用物性结构理论，通过对“狮”的每一类物性角色的分析，重新对“狮”字的动物名词性义项释义进行修改，使得“狮”的释义更加科学。同时还发现汉语词典可以为“狮”字增加 2 个名词性义项，即名词“一种民间表演形式或民间表演用道具”和名词“形状像狮子的人造物”。通过物性结构理论，为每一类名词构建相对统一的释义模式，语料库分析发现名词释义新义项，从而丰富现代汉语词典编纂手段，使释义更加科学和规范，提升词典的实用性和使用舒适感。
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Chinese Journal of Social Science and Management Editorial Division
The Office of Research and Development, Panyapiwat Institute of Management
85/1 Moo 2, Chaengwattana Rd., Bang Talat, Pakkred, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand
Tel. 02 855 01048 E-mail: cjssm@pim.ac.th
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